1. Q: Dab tsi yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm ASTM B163, thiab vim li cas nws thiaj li txiav txim siab nruj rau cov kav dej ntshiab nickel hauv kev siv hluav taws xob sib hloov?
A:ASTM B163 yog tus qauv tshwj xeeb rauSeamless Nickel thiab Nickel Alloy Condenser thiab Kub Exchanger Tubes. Nws yog qhov txawv ntawm cov qauv kav dej dav dav xws li ASTM B161 (uas suav nrog cov kav dej tsis sib haum) vim tias B163 tsim cov kev cai nruj dua tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom siv thermal hloov.
Rau cov kav dej nickel ntshiab-feem ntau UNS N02200 (Ni200) lossis UNS N02201 (Ni201)-ASTM B163 yuam kom nruj dua kev sim tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj, nruj dua qhov ntev, thiab nruj dua cov txheej txheem kho cua sov. Tus txheej txheem xav kom cov raj npaj rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los yog cov condensers tau dhau los ntawm kev ntsuas tam sim no lossis kev sim hydrostatic kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev ncaj ncees los ntawm kev xau.
Yog vim li cas rau qhov kev nruj no yog kev pheej hmoo ua haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov xws li caustic evaporators, brine rhaub, los yog fatty acid ua cov nroj tsuag, ib tug pinhole los rau hauv ib tug ntshiab nickel raj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj ntawm cov khoom ntws los yog kev sib xyaw ua kua dej txaus ntshai. ASTM B163 hais txog qhov no los ntawm kev qhia tias cov raj yuav tsum txias - kos thiab muab tso rau hauv ib qho loj npaum li cas (feem ntau ASTM grain loj 5 los yog finer) kom ntseeg tau tias cov phab ntsa tuab zoo sib xws thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev hloov pauv kub.
Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum ASTM B163 npog cov kab uas hla sab nraud xws li me me li 3.35 hli txog 101.6 hli, cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb xav kom cov raj xa mus rau hauv qhov mob annealed. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim khoom, vim tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv yuav tsum tau nthuav dav dov lossis vuam rau hauv cov ntawv raj. Annealed ntshiab npib tsib xee muab qhov tsim nyog ductility (feem ntau 40% mus rau 50% elongation) tso cai rau lub raj nthuav dav yam tsis muaj kev tawg -ib qho yuav tsum tau ua kom paub qhov txawv ntawm B163-raws li cov khoom siv los ntawm tus qauv B161 piping.
2. Q: Rau cov yeeb nkab nickel ntshiab uas muaj ib txoj kab uas hla me me li 3.35 hli, qhov kev tsim khoom muaj teeb meem dab tsi tshwm sim, thiab ASTM B163 ua li cas kom tswj tau qhov zoo?
A:Ua cov nickel ntshiab piping nrog ib txoj kab uas hla me me li3.35mm ib(kwv yees li 0.132 ntiv tes) nthuav qhia cov kev sib tw tseem ceeb ntawm metallurgical thiab mechanical. Ntawm qhov micro-dimensions, qhov piv ntawm thaj tsam ntawm qhov chaw hla -sectional ntim yog qhov siab heev, ua rau lub raj muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov tsis xws luag, seam imperfections, thiab inconsistent phab ntsa concentricity.
Thawj txoj kev tsim khoom rau cov me me - txoj kab uas hla yogtxias kos hla ib mandrel. Ntshiab npib tsib xee, thaum ductile, ua haujlwm - hardens sai. Ua kom tau raws li phab ntsa tuab (feem ntau teev raws li 0.5 hli mus rau 1.0 hli phab ntsa rau cov ODs me me) yuav tsum muaj ntau yam khaub thuas- kos duab hla nrog qhov nruab nrab annealing cycles. Yog hais tias qhov kub thiab txias deviates los ntawm 50℃F, cov khoom tuaj yeem dhau los ua nkig los yog ua tsis tiav cov qauv nplej.
ASTM B163 daws cov teeb meem no los ntawm kev ua siab ntev ntev. Rau me me - txoj kab uas hla tubing, tus qauv feem ntau tswj hwm aphab ntsa thickness kam rau ua ntawm ± 10%thiab ibOD kam rau ua ± 0.05mm txog ± 0.10mm, nyob ntawm qhov tseeb txoj kab uas hla. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus qauv xav kom txhua lub raj yuav raug raunondestructive hluav taws xob kuaj(eddy tam sim no) txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kab ntev lossis kev hloov pauv uas yuav tsis pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab.
Rau cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam uas tso siab rau qhov me me no - txoj kab uas hla ntshiab nickel tubing - feem ntau siv rau hauv cov khoom siv rau kev txhaj tshuaj, thermocouple sheathing, lossis precision heat exchanger bundles -ua raws li ASTM B163 kom ntseeg tau tias cov raj yuav tiv taus cov kev kub ntxhov sab hauv yam tsis muaj kev sib tsoo thiab kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb thiab kev sib haum xeeb.
3. Q: Vim li cas cov npib tsib xee ntshiab (Ni200/Ni201) tau teev tseg rau cov kav hluav taws xob sib txuas hauv chlor-alkali kev lag luam, thiab 101.6 hli OD loj npaum li cas rau hauv cov tshuab no?
A:Kev lag luam chlor-alkali, uas tsim cov tshuaj chlorine, caustic soda (sodium hydroxide), thiab hydrogen los ntawm electrolysis, sawv cev rau ib qho chaw xav tau tshaj plaws rau cov kav dej hlau. Hauv cov haujlwm no, cov npib tsib xee ntshiab -tshwj xeeb UNS N02201 (Ni201)- yog cov khoom tsim los ntawm kev xaiv rau kev tuav cov dej qab zib uas muaj kuab heev ntawm qhov kub siab.
Kev xaiv yog tsav los ntawm cov npib tsib xee qhov tshwj xeeb tsis kam raucaustic embrittlement thiab kev nyuaj siab -corrosion cracking (SCC). Hauv chlor-alkali nroj tsuag, caustic soda feem ntau yog concentrated rau 50% lossis 73% ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 300℃F (150 degree) hauv evaporators. Raws li cov xwm txheej no, cov hlau tsis muaj steel (xws li 304L thiab 316L) muaj kev cuam tshuam rau SCC, feem ntau ua tsis tiav hauv lub hlis. Ntshiab npib tsib xee, txawm li cas los xij, tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab nickel oxide passive uas nyob ruaj khov nyob rau hauv siab -concentration caustic ib puag ncig.
Cov101.6 hli OD (4-nti)cov yeeb nkab loj yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam no. Txoj kab uas hla no sawv cev rau tus qauv loj rau cov kab hluav taws xob tseem ceeb hauv cov kab hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob loj -. A 101.6 mm OD ntshiab npib tsib xee yeeb nkab tso cai rau lub siab ntim cov dej ntws thaum tuav cov phab ntsa txaus (feem ntau Teem sijhawm 40 lossis 80) los tiv thaiv cov kev ntxhov siab cuam tshuam nrog ntau - cuam tshuam cov tshuab evaporation.
Thaum tau txais raws li ASTM B163, qhov loj dua no - txoj kab uas hla piping feem ntau yog siv los ua lub raj sab lossis lub plhaub sab ntawmcaustic concentration kub exchangers. Tus qauv ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv chemistry tseem tswj hwm nruj me ntsis (cov pa roj carbon tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.02% rau Ni201) txhawm rau tiv thaiv graphitization, uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv tus qauv Ni200 ntawm lub sijhawm ntev mus rau 300-400℃kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm cov tshuab no.
4. Q: Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev siv vuam ASTM B163 ntshiab nickel piping, thiab cov no txawv li cas ntawm vuam austenitic stainless hlau?
A:Vuam ntshiab npib tsib xee piping-txawm yog 3.35 mm instrumentation tubing los yog 101.6 mm txheej txheem piping- yuav tsum muaj ib qho kev sib txawv hauv kev piv rau vuam stainless hlau. Thawj qhov kev txiav txim siab tig musKev huv huv ntawm cov kua dej, kev tswj xyuas cov cua sov, thiab kev xaiv hlau muab tub lim.
Tsis zoo li austenitic stainless hlau, npib tsib xee ntshiab tsis tsim cov txheej tiv thaiv oxide thaum vuam. Es tsis txhob, nws yog rhiab heev rauembrittlement los ntawm kab kawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog sulfur, lead, phosphorus, thiab oxygen. Txawm tias muaj cov kab mob tsis zoo xws li roj, roj, lossis cov cim crayon ntawm cov yeeb nkab tuaj yeem ua rau "kub tawg" lossis microfissuring hauv tshav kub- thaj chaw cuam tshuam (HAZ). Yog li ntawd, ua ntej welding, ASTM B163 ntshiab nickel piping yuav tsum tau ua nruj me ntsis degreasing nrog acetone los yog cov kuab tshuaj zoo sib xws -ib kauj ruam feem ntau txiav txim siab xaiv rau stainless hlau tab sis yuav tsum tau rau nickel.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tshav kub input, ntshiab nickel muaj ib tug tsawg thermal conductivity tshaj carbon steel tab sis siab tshaj stainless hlau. Welders yuav tsum siv astringer hlaws txheej txheemnrog tsawg kawg nkaus cov cua sov input thiab tsis txhob weaving, vim tias kub dhau heev lawm yuav ua rau grain loj hlob thiab txo corrosion kuj. Cov txheej txheem vuam uas nyiam tshaj yog Gas Tungsten Arc Vuam (GTAW/TIG) rau me me - txoj kab uas hla (3.35 mm txog 50 mm) thiab Shielded Hlau Arc Vuam (SMAW) lossis GTAW rau cov kab loj dua mus txog 101.6 mm.
Filler hlau xaiv yog tswj hwm los ntawm cov khoom siv hauv paus thiab kev pabcuam kub. Rau Ni200 (UNS N02200) piping,ERNi-1filler hlau feem ntau yog siv, raws li nws phim cov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab muab siab ductility. Rau Ni201 (UNS N02201) piping kev khiav hauj lwm hauv siab -kub caustic kev pab cuam,ERNi-1kuj tseem siv tau, tab sis cov welder yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv vuam tsis pub dhau lub hauv paus hlau specifications kom muaj kev tiv thaiv rau graphitization.
Rau cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam uas muab cov kav dej no, kev nkag siab txog cov kev sib txuas no yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kev tsis ua raws li cov kev coj ua no -tshwj xeeb yog kev tu tsis txaus- tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev kho cov vuam raug nqi lossis ntxov ntxov hauv - kev pabcuam tsis ua haujlwm uas tsis pom zoo cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv siab -purity, B163-raws li cov khoom siv.
5. Q: Yuav ua li cas qhov loj me me raws li ASTM B163 rau cov kav dej ntshiab nickel (OD ntau 3.35 hli txog 101.6 hli) cuam tshuam cov nqi yuav khoom thiab lub sij hawm txhuas hauv cov khoom lag luam?
A:Qhov loj me ntawm3.35 hli OD rau 101.6 hli ODnpog los ntawm ASTM B163 sawv cev rau qhov dav dav ntawm kev tsim khoom tsis yooj yim, uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau ob lub Hoobkas nqi thiab muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom lag luam chains.
Ntawm qhov kawg ntawm qhov spectrum (3.35 hli OD txog li 15 hli OD), kev tsim khoom muajprecision txias kos duabsiv pob zeb diamond tuag thiab ntab mandrels. Cov me me - txoj kab uas hla no yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej kos duab tshwj xeeb, ntau lub voj voog annealing, thiab 100% eddy kuaj tam sim no. Kev tsim cov khoom lag luam qis dua vim tias txhua qhov chaw khawb los yog suav nrog ua rau cov tubing tsis ua raws li -. Yog li ntawd, cov me me no - txoj kab uas hla cov nickel cov raj feem ntau hais kom tus nqi siab duarau kgdua li cov diameters loj dua vim yog kev ua haujlwm hnyav thiab kev tsim khoom qis dua.
Conversely, lub101.6 hli ODQhov loj me sawv cev rau qhov txwv siab ntawm qhov feem ntau ua "tubing" hauv qab B163 ua ntej hloov mus rau "pipe" cov qauv zoo li ASTM B161. Kev tsim 4-inch txoj kab uas hla nickel tubing yuav tsum tau txias heev-txo mills lossis pilgering cov cuab yeej muaj peev xwm tuav tau lub zog siab dua yuav tsum tau txo cov phab ntsa thickness uniformly. Txawm hais tias tus nqi ib kilogram yuav qis dua micro-tubing, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv rau ib chav tsev ntev yog qhov ntau dua, thiab cov sij hawm txhuas tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv tau vim muaj tsawg tsawg ntawm cov mills thoob ntiaj teb muaj peev xwm ua tau loj - txoj kab uas hla, seamless, txias-dhau ntshiab nickel tubing rau B163 tolerances.
Rau cov pab pawg muag khoom hauv kev lag luam, qhov loj me no tsim cov kev xav txog kev tsim khoom lag luam.Yam tsawg kawg nkaus Order Quantities (MOQs)sib txawv heev: ib lub Hoobkas tuaj yeem ntim 50.8 hli (2-}inch) OD tubing raws li cov khoom lag luam txheem, thaum 3.35 hli OD micro-tubing yuav xav tau kev cai ntau lawm khiav nrog 8- mus rau 12-lub lim tiam cov sij hawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua tiav tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau siv rau kev siv hluav taws xob sib hloov-xws liqaim annealinglos yogpickled thiab passivatedqhov chaw- ntxiv cuam tshuam tus nqi, raws li cov no feem ntau tshaj tawm - cov kauj ruam ua tiav tom qab kos duab txias.
Kev nkag siab txog cov kev lag luam loj no tso cai rau cov neeg yuav khoom los txhim kho cov tswv yim cov khoom lag luam, ntsuas qhov xav tau rau daim ntawv pov thawj ASTM B163 tiv thaiv qhov muaj thiab tus nqi tiag tiag ntawm cov khoom siv nickel ntshiab.
