1. Ntshiab tooj liab (Cu)
Cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb:
Cov hluav taws xob xa hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (khoom siv hluav taws xob, hauv av, thiab submarine) thiab busbars (hauv switchgear, transformers, thiab industrial panels) vim tsis muaj hluav taws xob tsawg.
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov xaim hluav taws xob hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (smartphones, laptops), automotive wiring harnesses, and aerospace electronics systems.
Transformer windings, motor windings, thiab generator Cheebtsam (stators / rotors) kom muaj zog hloov pauv.
Printed circuit boards (PCBs) ua tooj liab cladding rau teeb liab kis tau tus mob.
Kub dab dej rau CPUs, LEDs, thiab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (siab thermal conductivity dissipates tshav kub sai).
Radiators, heat exchangers, thiab txias tubes nyob rau hauv HVAC systems, tub yees, thiab industrial machinery.
Cov khoom siv ua noj (piv txwv li, tooj liab lauj kaub / lauj kaub) rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xws (feem ntau cov kab nrog cov tin lossis stainless hlau los tiv thaiv cov khoom noj).
Cov kav dej siv tau thiab cov khoom siv (corrosion-resistant, non-} tshuaj lom, thiab ruaj khov; feem ntau siv hauv cov tsev keeb kwm thiab siab- kev tsim kho kawg).
Cov nplooj ntawv vov tsev thiab flashings (malleable, huab cua-resistant, thiab txhim kho lub ntuj patina dhau sijhawm).
Automotive: Nres kab, roj kab, thiab cov ntaub thaiv npog cua sov (dej thiab corrosion-resistant).
Aerospace: Hlau, thermal shields, thiab hydraulic kab (lub teeb txheeb ze rau hlau, siab conductivity).
Npib: Qee lub tebchaws siv tooj liab dawb lossis tooj liab-plated npib (xws li US pennies yog 97.5% zinc nrog tooj liab txheej).
2. Brass (Cu-Zn Alloy)
Cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb:
Valves, faucets, couplings, thiab cov txiv mis lub txiv mis (tiv taus dej corrosion, yooj yim rau tshuab thiab sib sau ua ke; dav siv hauv vaj tse thiab kev lag luam kav dej).
Cov kav dej hauv hiav txwv (tiv thaiv cov dej ntsev zoo dua li cov hlau).
Screws, txiv ntseej, bolts, ntxhua khaub ncaws, thiab pob khawm (machinable, corrosion-resistant, thiab nqi-zoo piv rau stainless hlau).
Qhov rooj kov, pob qhov rooj, thiab cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj (zoo nkauj tiav, tuaj yeem polished lossis plated).
Radiator cores thiab cov raj cua txias (thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance to coolants).
Iav hloov cov pob qhov rooj, kho kom zoo nkauj, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (formable, lub teeb yuag).
Marine propellers thiab nkoj fittings (resists dej ntsev corrosion; feem ntau alloyed nrog txhuas rau lub zog).
Cov twj siv tooj dag (trumpets, trombones, tubas, saxophones) vim yog cov khoom siv suab nrov zoo, kev ua kom zoo, thiab muaj peev xwm tsim tau rau hauv cov duab nyuaj.
Bellows thiab li qub hauv woodwind instruments.
Iav, bearings, bushings, thiab spacers (siab machinability tso cai rau kev tsim khoom; tus kheej -lubricating zog txo kev sib txhuam).
Cov kav dej li qub thiab cov twj tso kua mis (tiv taus hnav thiab tshuaj lom neeg corrosion hauv cov kua dej ua haujlwm).
Cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, saib rooj plaub, thiab cov khoom zoo nkauj (kub ci-zoo li zoo li, tuaj yeem plated nrog npib tsib xee lossis kub).
Costume cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, zippers, thiab cov nyees khawm (tus nqi- siv tau zoo rau kub lossis nyiaj).
Hluav taws xob tiv tauj thiab terminals (zoo conductivity, corrosion kuj ua kom ntseeg tau kev sib txuas).
Connector vaj tse thiab hloov Cheebtsam (machinable thiab ruaj).
3. Bronze (Cu-Sn Alloy & Modern Variants)
Cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb:
Nkoj propellers, rudders, thiab hull fittings (resists dej ntsev corrosion, barnacle loj hlob, thiab cavitation; aluminium bronze yog nyiam rau loj propellers vim muaj zog).
Marine li qub, twj tso kua mis, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib hloov (corrosion-resistant rau seawater thiab marine chemicals).
Bearings, bushings, thiab hnav daim hlau (siab hnav tsis kam, tus kheej-lubricating zog; zoo tagnrho rau siab-load, qis- daim ntawv thov ceev qhov twg cov roj lubrication yog impractical).
Gears, worms, thiab camshafts (lub zog thiab durability nyob rau hauv hnyav industrial puag ncig).
Twj impellers thiab li qub (tiv thaiv corrosion los ntawm cov tshuaj, slurries, thiab siab -kub kua).
Architectural cladding, sculptures, thiab monuments (tsim ib tug txawv ntsuab patina nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, aesthetically pleasing thiab huab cua-resistant; piv txwv li, tus pej thuam ntawm kev ywj pheej yog ua los ntawm tooj liab, tab sis ntau niaj hnub bronze sculptures siv tooj liab- tin alloys).
Cov vuas vov tsev thiab cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj (malleable, corrosion-resistant, thiab ntev{1}} kav ntev).
Kev tsaws iav cov khoom, hydraulic fittings, thiab fasteners (aluminium bronze muaj lub zog siab - rau - qhov hnyav piv thiab corrosion kuj).
Cov phom phom thiab mos txwv Cheebtsam (siab zog thiab hnav tsis kam).
Sculptures, pej thuam, thiab castings (zoo castability, muaj peev xwm mus ntes cov ntsiab lus zoo, thiab ntuj patina).
Cov cuab yeej suab paj nruag (tws, cymbals, thiab qee cov twj siv tooj dag siv tooj liab rau qhov zoo nkauj tonal).
Hluav taws xob tiv tauj nyob rau hauv siab -voltage keyboards (nickel bronze muaj zoo conductivity thiab arc kuj).
Cov khoom siv kho mob (qee qhov tooj liab alloys yog biocompatible thiab siv rau kev cog ntoo lossis cov cuab yeej phais).
