1. A - 286 Thiab 27 {{{{4 4}}}}}}} Yog qhov ua rau lawv muaj zog los ntawm nag lossis daus. Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua ntej lub sij hawm tam sim no uas txhawb nqa txhua tus Alloy, thiab qhov no cuam tshuam li cas rau lawv cov kev npaj ua haujlwm?
Nov yog qhov tseem ceeb dua. Ob lub hnub nyoog {{- I} Tsis muaj peev xwm, tab sis cov ntsuas pa tawm ntawm cov hom phiaj ua tau zoo ntawm qhov kub, lwm yam rau lub zog nrog kev ua kom huv.
A-286 (tsis yog S66286 / W.nr . 1.4980):
Thawj nag lossis nag los yog: Gamma Prime ('), nrog ib qho nomall composition ntawm Ni₃ (Al, TI). Qhov no yog tib lub sib koom ua ke, kom siv daus los siv los ntxiv dag zog rau nockel {1} Raws li supallloys zoo li Inconel 718.
Kev Pabcuam Kev Pabcuam: Lub Gaus prime preure yog ruaj khov nyob rau ntawm cov kub, muab lub zog nkag tau zoo heev thiab muaj zog. Txawm li cas los xij, ib {- 286's chromium cov ntsiab lus (~ 15%) tsuas yog txaus rau cov oxidation tsis kam. Nws tsis yog tsim los rau lub aquous a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a aqoge. Nws cov npe yog qhov siab {{6} Kev siv ntxhov siab, xws li dav hlau cav thiab roj av tshuab.
Incoloy 27-7lo (uns unhal s31277 / w.nr . 2.4675):
Tseem ceeb precipal: chi (χ) theem thiab muaj peev xwm lwm cov ntsiab lus ntawm Molybdenum (~ 7%) thaum muaj hnub nyoog qis (piv txwv li, 700-800 degree).
Kev Pabcuam Kev Pabcuam Kev Pabcuam: Lub siab Mo thiab Crats yog thawj zaug thiab foremost rau corrosion tsis kam. Cov kauj ruam tawv heev yog cov kauj ruam theem nrab los txhawb cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm qhov no twb yog corrosion- tiv taus matrix. Nws lub npe yog amazi - sov daim ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau ua ke ntawm qhov kawg corrosion (xws li high {{high} cov khoom siv siab downhole.
2. Rau qhov siab {- qhov siab, tab tom muaj cov yeeb nkab ua los ntawm hnub nyoog 27 xyoo
Cov kev xaiv no yog tsav los ntawm kev hem thawj tseem nyob hauv cov kev pab cuam ntawm Sour
Vim li cas 27-7o yog qhov zoo dua rau cov kev pabcuam siur sour:
Pitting tiv taus (pren): Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. SSC feem ntau pib rau ntawm cov chaw ntawm pitting corrosion. Tus Pren rau 27-7o yog qhov kev ua siab loj: Pren =}}}}} (3.} (16 * 0.321 + 23.1 + 4.8=• 49. Qhov no ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv rau chloride pitting thiab crevice corrosion, tshem tawm cov kev pib ua haujlwm rau SSC kab nrib pleb.
Cov ntsiab lus Molybdenum: the ~ 7 MO cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb txhim kho kom txhim kho SSC hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab passive nyob rau hauv kev txo cov mob.
Tau ua tiav lub zog nrog cov tawv tawv qis: tom qab kev laus, ntawm MP0175 / ISO 15156 (feem ntau yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 36 HRC).
Vim li cas A-286 yog qhov tsis haum:
Ib qho -} 286 muaj qis dua pren (~ 19) vim nws qhov qis dua thiab tsawg dua, ua rau nws muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog pitting hauv chloride-nplua nuj downhoole brines.
Nws thawj lub zog txhawb nqa theem (Gamma Prime) yuav tsum tau ua rau nws nyuaj siab kom ua tiav cov dej khov zoo txaus tiv thaiv SSC. Nws tsuas yog tsis tsim rau qhov chaw ib puag ncig no.
3. A {{- 286 Alloy Yeeb yog teev rau lub siab- kub, siab siab superheated chav kab. Lub micrervation tsim muaj qhov kev pheej hmoo yog qhov kev pheej hmoo yog tias cov yeeb nkab f) rau lub sijhawm ntev, thiab ua li cas qhov no cuam tshuam rau nws cov khoom siv kho txhua yam?
Qhov kev pheej hmoo thawj yog qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov txiaj ntsig, coerent gamma prime (') ntxiv rau theem, tsis yog {} Coherent eta (η) theem.
Micructionation: Gamma Prime rau ETA kev hloov pauv
Gamma Prime ('): cov khoom siv xav tau. Nws yog coherent, xaj ni₃ (al, ti) theem nrog ib lub voos xwmfab - cov nplooj ntoos me me kev sib raug zoo nrog cov Austenite Matrix. Nws coherency tsim kev sib zog ntawm lub lature, uas yog thawj qhov chaw ntawm alloy lub zog.
ETA (η) theem: ib qho ruaj khov, tsis - Coherent, Phaj {1} Zoo li theem nrog Ni₃ti. Nws tsim los ntawm dhau -}}}} kev laus lossis coalescence ntawm gamma prime hais thaum raug rau nws cov ntsuas kub tshwj xeeb rau ncua sijhawm.
Nyhuv rau cov tshuab khoom siv:
Kev hloov pauv ntawm 'mus rau η muaj kev puas tsuaj loj:
Kev ploj ntawm lub zog thiab cov neeg nkag mus: qhov poob ntawm kev tshem tawm cov kev tshem tawm cov kev ua kom muaj zog ntxiv. Lub coarse η daim hlau tsis tau cuam tshuam nrog cov lus tsa suab rho tawm.
Purrictlementlement: lub phaj - zoo li η theem ua raws li brittle begine txoj kev los ntawm cov nplej. Kev ua qauv thiab cuam tshuam nyuaj ntawm lub alloy ua kom tiav.
Qhov tshwm sim: cov yeeb nkab Txom Nyem los ntawm no tshaj -}}}}}}}} muaj qhov muaj peev xwm txo tau qhov muaj peev xwm thiab tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsej muag lossis txhua yam kev poob siab. Qhov ntsuas kub no yuav tsum zam rau hauv kev pabcuam lossis thaum kho kom sov.
4. Lub vuam ntawm nag lossis daus -} tawv alloys yog cov lus qhia nyuaj. Sib piv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb - Weld Kev Kho Mob Kub (Pwhat) yuav tsum tau rau Corrosion Desistance thiab cov khoom siv mechanies nyob rau hauv cov weldment.
Ob qho tib si yuav tsum muaj reye re- kev daws thiab muaj hnub nyoog kev kho mob, tab sis qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sib txawv nws txawv.
A-286 Vuam Pwhat:
Txheej Txheem: Vuam dissolves ntawm gamma prime nyob rau hauv tshav kub - bead} -}}}}}}}}} issealed mob. Txhawm rau kho lub zog, tag nrho rov {} kev kho cov tshuaj (980 Degree F) tom qab ua raws li kev siv nyiaj laus (720℃f) yog yuav tsum tau ua.
Lub txim ntawm Skipping PWHT: Cov weldment yuav muaj cov cuab yeej hnyav. Weld hlau thiab Haz yuav tsis muaj zog (tsawg tawm lub zog) piv rau cov muaj zog, laus cov hlau. Qhov no ua rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov neeg tsis muaj zog txuas, nquag tsis ua tiav hauv kev thauj khoom. Kev ua xeb yog tsawg dua ntawm kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb rau A-286 tus ntawv thov raug.
Incoloy 27-7Mo Vuam Pwhat:
Txheej txheem: Zoo ib yam li -} 286, ib tag nrho re} Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua raws los ntawm cov kev laus kev kho mob tshwj xeeb kom rov ua kom pom tseeb theem thiab ua tiav lub zog xav tau.
Lub txim ntawm Skipping PWHT: Qhov no tseem ceeb tshaj rau 27 {- 7mo. Yog tsis muaj re{- kev kho cov tshuaj kho, cov khoom siv chromium-precipitates thiab Nitreting cov ciaj ciam av ntawm chromium. Qhov no ua rau lub zog ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev cuam tshuam nrog kev txhim kho hauv nruab nrab, pitting, thiab SSC, ua rau Alloy thawj lub hom phiaj. Qhov sib koom ua ke ua ib qho kev ua haujlwm tsis ua hauj lwm.
5. Los ntawm kev ua tiav thiab kev tsim qauv, piav qhia txog kev xaiv ntawm cov qauv yas ntxiv rau 220
Qhov kev ncaj ncees nyob rau ntawm qhov ntau qhov sib txawv hauv corrosion tsis kam thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev ua tsis tiav.
Qhov kev ua tau zoo sib txawv:
Duplex 2205 (unsal s31803): Ib qho zoo, General - tiv taus alloy nrog tus pren ntawm ~ 35. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv kub, stagnant seaterwater (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj los yog hauv crevices corrosion. Nws qhov siab tshaj tawm lub zog yog feem ntau nyob ib puag ncig 65-70 Ksi (450-485 mpa) hauv anealed mob.
Incoloy 27-7Mo: Nrog tus pren ntawm ~ 49, nws yog qhov txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov neeg hiav txwv ntawm dej hiav txwv ntawm txhua lub tswv yim kub. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog, nws tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig tsawg zog ntawm 125 ksi ({{}} mpa) lossis siab dua.
Kev ua tiav thiab kev tsim nyog tau txais:
Kev tshem tawm ntawm kev phom sij corrosion: kev txhaj tshuaj tiv dej hiav txwv yog ib qho tseem ceeb; Ib qho tsis ua hauj lwm ua rau ploj ntau lawm thiab kim heev ntawm kev txhim kho corrosion muab kev lav tau tias Duplex 2205 tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm downtime.
Qhov hnyav thiab qhov loj ua kom muaj zog: tshaj tawm lub zog ntawm hnub nyoog 27-7 Qhov no txo qis ntawm lub platform qauv thiab lub twj tso kua mis. Hloov pauv, rau tib phab ntsa tuab, nws tso cai rau cov kev ua haujlwm siab dua.
Tus nqi lifeCycle: thawj tus nqi rau 27 -}}}}}} 7mo ua haujlwm thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo dua nws lub zog siab muab. Tus nqi ntawm ib qho kev ua haujlwm ib leeg thiab hloov chaw ua haujlwm rau ib qho kev ua tiav Duplex Steel kab yeeb nkab yuav tshaj thawj cov khoom siv sib txawv.
Hauv kev xaus, {- kub 286 yog lub zog kub siab tshaj plaws, zoo tagnrho rau cov ntawv thov hauv huab cua lossis oxidizing yog qhov tseem ceeb. Incoloy yog tus kws tshaj lij corrosion, engineered los muab cov chaw tsis muaj zog thiab kev tiv thaiv cov nqi hauv cov ntawv sau tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab marrine.
