Tooj liab-tsibckel (Cu-Ni) alloys tsis yog ib txwm muaj tshwm sim raws li cov minerals loj; Hloov chaw, lawv yog tib neeg tsim cov alloys tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas tooj liab thiab cov menyuam yaus cov hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, thawj cov ntaub ntawv raw thiab npib tsib xee-yog mined los ntawm ntau cov chaw nyob thoob ntiaj teb:
Nickel ores: Loj Nickel cov nyiaj tau pom muaj nyob hauv tebchaws Indonesia, Canada (Canada (Canada (Australia, thiab Celedonia tshiab. Cov ores no feem ntau muaj cov nickel nyob ib sab tooj liab, hlau, thiab lwm cov ntsiab lus, ua rau lawv cov khoom siv rau cov hlau siv hauv CU-Ni alloys.
Tooj liab Ores: Tooj yog muaj ntau nyob hauv Chile (lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws), Peru, Suav teb, cov koom pheej ywj pheej ntawm cov Congo, thiab Asmeskas. Ntau tus tooj liab ores tseem muaj cov kab tsib xee, uas tuaj yeem muab rho tawm thaum lub sijhawm ua.
Thaum mined, tooj liab thiab npib tsib xee yog ua kom zoo cais cais thiab ces yaj ua ke hauv cov tooj liab-nickel, uas yog tsim cov chaw hauv lub nroog metallurgical.
Ib qho alloy muaj ntau ntawm 70% npib tsib xee thiab 30% tooj liab yog feem ntau hu ua monel 400.
Monel 400 yog ib tug zoo-npe-tooj liab alloy nto moo kev ua haujlwm, raws li nws lub zog thiab ductility ntawm ob qho siab thiab qis kub. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv cov ntawv thov xws li marine kho vajtse, khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg thiab roj thiab roj av. Thaum "70-30 npib tsib xee-tooj liab" yog cov lus piav qhia, lub npe lag luam npe Monel 400 yog cov qauv tsim rau cov muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Kev kuaj mob rau muaj tooj liab-npib (Cu-Ni) alloys cuam tshuam nrog kev pom, lub cev, thiab tshuaj lom neeg kom paub meej tias muaj ob qho tib si. Nov yog cov tswv yim tseem ceeb:
Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Kev Pom Zoo: Cu-Ni alloys feem ntau muaj lub ntsej muag daj ua ntsej muag, cov xim liab qab los ntawm tooj liab (liab qab) lossis ntshiab-dawb). Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua tus yam ntxwv ci thiab tsis kam mus rau Tarnishing, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv marine-qib alloys.
Magnetism Test: Ntsig ntshiab tsis yog-sib nqus, thiab npib tsib xee yog cov hlau nplaum tsis muaj zog. Feem ntau cu-ni alloys (piv txwv li, cov uas muaj<50% nickel) are non-magnetic or weakly magnetic, distinguishing them from ferromagnetic alloys like steel. A strong magnet will not cling firmly to Cu-Ni.
Qwj ntsuas: Cu-Ni alloys muaj qhov ntom ntom los ntawm ~ 8.2 g / cmÃ), siab dua li txhuas) tab sis qis dua txhuas (~ 11.3 g / cm³). Kev ntsuas qhov ceev ntawm cov dej tsis muaj peev xwm pab txo qis qis alloy muaj.
Kev Ntsuas Tshuaj:
Kev kho tooj liab tau txais: Ntxiv ib qho dilute nitric acid (hnoos) daws teeb meem me me, ua rau cov tshuaj ntsuab ntsuab (vim tooj liab ions, cu²⁺). Ib qho tom ntej ntxiv ntawm ammonia (nh₃) yuav tob tob kom xim xiav, lees tus tooj liab.
Nickel Nrhiav Kom Tau: Hauv cov tshuaj zoo sib xws, Nickel ions (Ni²⁺) Reidleglyoxime (DMG) Reagent yog ntxiv nyob rau hauv Alkaline cov mob (siv ammonia). Nov yog qhov kev sim tshwj xeeb rau Nickel.
Kev tsom xam spectroscopic: rau kev ncaj ncees muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov cuab yeej zoo li x-retorescence (XRF) lossis piv txwv txog ob qho tib si tooj, muab cov ntaub ntawv txheeb ze.
Tooj liab-nickel alloys feem ntau yooj yim me ntsis los flare, txawm hais tias lawv tus cwj pwm flaring nyob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb muaj pes tsawg leeg, nyuaj (tawv ncauj), thiab tuab.
Flaring-ib tug txheej txheem uas qhov kawg ntawm lub raj tau nthuav mus rau hauv lub khob puab txuas nrog cov khoom siv-uas yuav tsum tau ua kom txaus ntshai tsis muaj kev tawg. Tooj liab-nickel alloys, xws li cov uas muaj 10-30% npib tsib), tshwj xeeb yog thaum maj mam txias thiab maj mam txias rau cov khoom muag). Annealed Cu-Ni cov leeg tuaj yeem hloov tau siv cov cuab yeej txheem txheem, txawm tias lawv yuav xav tau ntau dua li cov tooj liab ntau dua li cov suab paj nruag ntshiab.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov tawv tawv tawv (piv txwv li, ua haujlwm hnyav Tsis tas li ntawd, tuab-walled-walled cu-ni cov hlab yog cov nyom ntau dua li qhov cuam tshuam dua li thinner. Zuag qhia tag nrho, nrog kev npaj kom tsim nyog (analing) thiab kev txua nqi, ua kom haum rau cov kav dej, thiab marine tubing cov ntawv thov uas yog kev sib txuas marine uas muaj kev sib txuas tau muaj.
