1: ASTM B730 yog dab tsi, thiab dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb thiab kev siv ntawm Nickel 201 welded raj tsim rau cov lus qhia no?
ASTM B730 yog tus qauv Specification rau Welded Nickel thiab Nickel Alloy Tube. Tshwj xeeb rau UNS N02201 (Nickel 201), nws tswj hwm kev tsim cov raj tsim los ntawm kev sib sau tiaj tus -rolled strip los yog daim ntawv rau hauv ib lub cylindrical zoo thiab koom nrog nws ntawm ib tug longitudinal weld, tsis muaj ntxiv ntawm muab tub lim (autogenous weld).
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Nickel 201, uas ua rau cov raj rau cov qauv no muaj txiaj ntsig, yog:
Cov ntsiab lus carbon tsawg (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.02%): Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Nickel 200. Nws tiv thaiv cov hlau tiv thaiv "graphitization" - nag lossis daus ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide ntawm cov ciam teb thaum lub sij hawm ntev raug kub ntawm 425℃thiab 650℃(800℃F thiab 1200). Qhov no ua kom ntev - lub sij hawm ductility thiab corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv siab - kub kev pab cuam.
Exceptional Corrosion Resistance: Nickel 201 muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau kub, concentrated caustic alkalis (sodium/potassium hydroxide), tsis yog - oxidizing ntsev, thiab ntau yam organic thiab inorganic tshuaj. Nws tiv taus cov tshuaj chloride- ntxias kom muaj kev ntxhov siab-corrosion tawg.
High Purity & Fabricability: Nrog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 99.0% npib tsib xee, nws tsis yog - paug thiab nthuav dav weldability zoo thiab formability nyob rau hauv lub annealed mob.
Cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb rau ASTM B730 Nickel 201 Welded Tube:
Thaum tshav kub kub Exchanger thiab Condenser Tubes: Rau kev tuav kub caustic tov, organic acids, los yog siab -purity txheej txheem kua nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj thiab tshuaj nroj tsuag.
Instrumentation and Sensing Lines: Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig corrosive uas siab ncaj ncees thiab purity yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Txheej Txheem Piping rau Cov Tshuaj Tshwj Xeeb: Rau kev xa cov xov xwm tawm tsam qhov twg cov raj seamless yuav raug nqi - txwv tsis pub rau cov kab loj dua.
Hluav taws xob Conduit thiab Sheathing: Qhov twg corrosion kuj thiab tsis yog -magnetic zog yuav tsum tau.
Lub raj welded muaj tus nqi- siv tau zoo rau cov raj seamless (ASTM B161 / B725) rau ntau daim ntawv thov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla loj thiab nyias phab ntsa, qhov siab - kub thiab corrosion- tiv taus cov khoom ntawm Nickel 201 yog qhov xav tau tab sis qhov ntsuas siab tsis zoo.
2: Yuav ua li cas yog ASTM B730 Nickel 201 welded raj tsim, thiab dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm "autogenous weld"?
Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom rau ASTM B730 raj yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua uas tsim los tsim cov khoom siab -kev ncaj ncees welded:
Kev Npaj Strip: Txias-rolled Nickel 201 strip, ntawv pov thawj rau ASTM B162 (daim ntawv), yog hlais mus rau qhov dav xav tau, uas txiav txim siab lub raj lub voj voog.
Kev tsim: Lub sawb yog ua tiav los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov yob rau hauv cov duab cylindrical nrog cov npoo npaj rau vuam.
Vuam - Cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb: Cov sawb tsim dhau los ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb welding qhov twg cov seam ntev tau koom nrog. Rau Nickel 201 raws li ASTM B730, qhov no yuav luag tsuas yog ua tiav siv autogenous vuam:
Txheej Txheem: Feem ntau Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) Vuam lossis Siab -Frequency (HF) Induction Vuam.
"Autogenous" Lub ntsiab lus: Tsis muaj cov xaim xaim ntxiv. Lub vuam yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas cov niam txiv cov npoo ua ke siv cov cua sov ntawm arc (TIG) lossis induced hluav taws xob tam sim no (HF).
Qhov tseem ceeb: Qhov no tsim ib cheeb tsam weld nrog chemistry zoo tib yam rau lub hauv paus hlau, kom ntseeg tau zoo corrosion kuj. Nws txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm galvanic corrosion los yog kev taw qhia ntawm impurities. Cov txheej txheem ua kom huv, nqaim weld hlaws.
Weld Annealing (Solution Annealing): Tam sim ntawd tom qab vuam, lub raj dhau los ntawm qhov induction los yog kev tiv thaiv annealer uas ua kom sov tsuas yog qhov chaw vuam thiab qhov nqaim thaum tshav kub kub -Teb chaws cuam tshuam (HAZ) mus rau qhov kub siab tshaj 700℃(1300℃F). Cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb no:
Dissolves tej yam detrimental chromium carbides uas yuav tau tsim.
Re-homogenizes cam khwb cia hlau qauv.
Relieves kev nyuaj siab.
Restores lub corrosion kuj ntawm cov weld mus rau ib theem sib npaug rau lub hauv paus hlau.
Sizing & Finishing: Lub raj xa mus rau qhov kawg txoj kab uas hla, straightened, txiav kom ntev, thiab ntxuav / pickled.
3: Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab kev txwv ntawm kev siv welded (ASTM B730) raj piv rau seamless (ASTM B161/725) raj rau cov ntawv thov Nickel 201?
Kev xaiv ntawm welded thiab seamless raj muaj kev lag luam - tawm ntawm kev ua tau zoo, nqi, thiab muaj.
Qhov zoo ntawm ASTM B730 Welded Tube:
Tus nqi -Kev ua tau zoo: Feem ntau 20-40% tus nqi qis dua seamless, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov kab loj loj (tshaj 2 ") thiab cov qauv phab ntsa thicknesses. Kev siv cov khoom siv tau zoo dua (los ntawm cov ntawv / coil) txo cov khoom pov tseg.
Zoo Internal Surface Finish & Consistency: Qhov txias -rolled strips pib nrog ib tug superior tiav (xws li, 2B). Sab hauv ntawm lub raj welded feem ntau yog smoother thiab ntau yam zoo li lub sab hauv rougher nto ntawm ib tug kub -extruded los yog kos seamless raj, uas yuav pab tau rau cov kua ntws thiab huv si.
Muaj nyob rau hauv Loj Loj thiab Thinner Phab Ntsa: Welded tube tuaj yeem tsim kev lag luam hauv txoj kab uas hla tshaj 12 ntiv tes thiab nrog cov phab ntsa nyias nyias, uas nyuaj los yog tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm txoj kev seamless.
Tighter Dimensional Tolerances: Kev tswj tau zoo tshaj OD thiab phab ntsa thickness vim qhov pib precision ntawm cov sawb.
Kev txwv / kev txiav txim siab rau ASTM B730 Welded Tube:
Lub Weld Seam raws li qhov muaj peev xwm tsis muaj zog: Txawm hais tias kev sib tsoo, qhov vuam yog qhov sib txawv ntawm thaj chaw metallurgically. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov nrog hnyav cyclic dabtsi yog khoov los yog torsional kev nyuaj siab, lub seam yuav theoretically yog ib tug qaug zog pib qhov chaw. Rau cov ntawv thov siab zoo li qub, qhov no tsis yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb thaum lub raj yog tsim thiab muaj ntawv pov thawj.
Kev Ntsuas Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas: Thaum nws tuaj yeem ntsuas rau qhov siab siab, qee qhov kev tswj xyuas kev tsim vaj tse lossis cov tswv yim tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem tswj cov raj seamless rau qee qhov kev siv siab - siab lossis ua rau tuag taus, tsis hais txog qhov ua tau zoo.
Kev xaav: Hauv qee qhov kev lag luam ib txwm muaj, tseem muaj keeb kwm kev tsis ncaj ncees uas nyiam cov raj seamless, txawm hais tias niaj hnub welded tube thev naus laus zis tau kaw qhov sib txawv ntawm ntau qhov kev pabcuam.
Kev Taw Qhia Kev Xaiv: Siv cov welded (ASTM B730) rau tus nqi- cov ntawv thov rhiab heev, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib hloov, kev ntsuas, thiab cov txheej txheem kab uas muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab kev ua tiav sab hauv yog qhov tseem ceeb. Qhia meej seamless (ASTM B161/725) rau cov ntawv thov nyob rau hauv kev kub siab heev, kev ntxhov siab heev, los yog cov cai tswj xyuas kom meej meej yuav tsum tau.
4: Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuas kev tswj hwm thiab kev tshuaj xyuas raws li ASTM B730 rau Nickel 201 raj?
ASTM B730 tswj hwm kev tswj hwm kev ua tau zoo los xyuas kom muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub raj, tshwj xeeb yog tsom rau ntawm qhov vuam seam.
Yuav Tsum Tsis Muaj Kev Xeem Xeem (NDE) ntawm Weld:
100% Tag Nrho-Length Eddy Current Testing: Thawj qhov kev xeem. Ib qho kev sojntsuam kuaj pom qhov txawv ntawm lub raj electromagnetic teb uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis xws luag xws li tawg, tsis muaj fusion, lossis kev suav nrog. Lub raj raug kuaj rau tus qauv paub (calibration standard with artificial defects).
Alternative/Permissible Test: Hydrostatic testing or pneumatic test yuav siv tau los ntawm kev pom zoo, tab sis eddy tam sim no yog tus qauv rau kev kuaj xyuas seam - tej yam tsis zoo.
Kev Ntsuas Siab: Txhua lub raj lossis ib qho piv txwv los ntawm txhua qhov yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv kev ntsuas siab hydrostatic lossis pneumatic yam tsis muaj dej. Kev ntsuas siab yog xam raws li lub raj qhov ntev thiab cov khoom siv zog.
Flattening Test (Destructive): Ib lub nplhaib ntawm lub raj yog flattened ntawm cov hlau sib txuas kom txog rau thaum cov phab ntsa sib ntsib. Lub vuam yuav tsum tau taw qhia 90 degrees los ntawm kev taw qhia ntawm lub zog. Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb yuav tsum muaj cov vuam thiab niam txiv hlau kom tsis txhob muaj kab nrib pleb lossis qhib qhov tob tshaj qhov teev tseg. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no txheeb xyuas qhov weld ductility thiab soundness.
Rov qab Khoov Kev Xeem (Kev puas tsuaj): Rau cov kab me me, ib qho qauv strip uas muaj cov vuam yog khoov rov qab rau ntawm lub mandrel. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas hnyav no tshuaj xyuas qhov vuam qhov ductility thiab kev ywj pheej ntawm qhov tsis xws luag.
Certification & Traceability: Cov chaw tsim khoom yuav tsum muab Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Cov Khoom Siv (MTR) traceable rau cov cua sov ntawm cov khoom siv raw (strip). MTR yuav tsum paub meej tias cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ua tau raws li UNS N02201 thiab tias tag nrho cov kev xeem yuav tsum tau ua thiab dhau.
5: Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim, tsim, thiab txhim kho tshuab siv ASTM B730 Nickel 201 welded raj?
Kev ua tiav tiav yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib rau kev tsim, tuav, thiab koom nrog.
Kev txiav txim siab tsim:
Kev ntsuas siab: xam siv qhov kev ntxhov siab tso cai rau Nickel 201 ntawm qhov ntsuas kub tsim, siv qhov tsawg kawg nkaus phab ntsa thickness (sau nyiaj rau kev tsim khoom).
Thermal Expansion: Nickel muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm thermal expansion dua li carbon steel. Tso cai rau kom txaus expansion loops los yog bellows nyob rau hauv mixed- khoom siv.
Kev them nyiaj yug: Siv qhov chaw kom txaus, huv si (xws li yas-lined) txhawb kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj thiab galvanic corrosion.
Fabrication & Installation:
Kev tuav: Tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag sab hauv los ntawm kev sib kis. Cap xaus thaum khaws cia thiab thauj.
Txiav: Siv lub log abrasive lossis saws rau cov nickel alloys. Xyuas kom cov txiav yog square thiab burr -dawb; deburr sab hauv ntug meticulously.
Khoov: tuaj yeem txias khoov siv cov qauv raj benders. Siv qhov tsawg kawg nkaus khoov vojvoog ntawm 3x raj OD kom tsis txhob wrinkling lossis ntau dhau thinning, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv weld seam orientation.
Vuam (rau fittings lossis lwm cov raj): Siv GTAW (TIG) nrog cov hlau muab tub lim (ERNi-1). Xyuas kom huv si zoo, kom huv si huv si (argon) ntawm lub raj sab hauv (ID) los tiv thaiv oxidation sab hauv ("sugaring"), uas yuav ua rau corrosion kuj. Lub autogenous seam yuav tsum tsis txhob siv los ua lub hauv paus rau ib qho kev sib txuas; nws yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv kev npaj weld.
Kev huv huv & Passivation: Tom qab kev tsim khoom, tag nrho cov kab ke yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj ntxuav (pickled) nrog cov tshuaj nitric acid kom tshem tawm cov kab mob hauv cov hlau los ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab kom passivate saum npoo, kho cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv oxide. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau kev ua haujlwm siab -purity lossis corrosive.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, ASTM B730 Nickel 201 welded raj yog qhov siab -zoo, tus nqi- kho kom zoo rau corrosive thiab siab - daim ntawv thov kub. Nws txoj kev ntseeg tau hinges ntawm nruj ua raws li kev tsim khoom thiab kev sim cov txheej txheem ntawm tus qauv thiab ntawm kev tuav thiab kev teeb tsa kom zoo uas hwm cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov nickel alloy.
