{{01. 15-7 mo thiab 654smo yog ob leeg hu ua "stainless hlau," tab sis lawv zwm rau cov chav kawm sib txawv. Lawv tus tseem ceeb mellurgical cim npe thiab thawj zaug ntxiv dag zog rau kev siv zog?
Qhov no yog qhov txawv tseem ceeb. Thaum ob qho tib si tsis muaj hlau hlau, lawv tau tsim tawm rau cov hom phiaj sib txawv thiab ua tiav lawv cov peev txheej los ntawm kev tawm tsam cov tswv yim mettall.
15 {-} 7mo (tsis yog s15700) - Nag} prec prec prec prec prec prec prec prec prec precip prec precipు:
Metallurgical tus kheej: 15 -}} 7mo yog ib semi {2} {4 {4 4 {4 4}} haj} haj} haj} kub tawv tawv. Nws cov chemistry yog sib npaug xws li kev daws-annealed mob (mob a), nws yog feem ntau ntawm kev fab lav thiab muag rau kev sib txuas yooj yim thiab sib sau ua ke.
Thawj txoj kev siv zog ua haujlwm: nws lub zog siab tsis tiav los ntawm kev kho mob txias tab sis kev kho ua ntu zus ntawm kev kho mob kub uas muaj cov sib xyaw ua ke thoob plaws hauv Matrix. Cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb yog:
Kev Kho Mob: Ua kom sov rau qhov kub kom muab txhua cov khoom siv ua ke rau hauv cov kev daws teeb meem tsis yooj yim, tau txias sai.
Kev Kho Mob: Cov khoom siv nyob rau ntawm ib qho kev kub ntxhov tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li 1460 degree) rau nag txheej carbon thiab "mob" tus austenite, ua rau nws tsis ruaj khov.
Cov tub yees (xaiv tau tab sis nquag sib txawv): Cua txias rau sub {{1 xoom} xoom} XOOM--78 Degree F) los hloov cov Austenite kom martensite.
Kev laus (nag lossis daus los daus): cov kauj ruam kawg nkaus ntawm 900-1000 raws tus tooj liab thiab cov khoom siv ua ntej ntawm lub martensitic martnix, cuam tshuam ib qho kev ua kom muaj zog ntau.
Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb: Nws yog tsim muaj zog heev (tawm lub zog tau tshaj li 1380 MPA / 200 KSI Nws tsis yog feem ntau xaiv rau corrosion tsis kam.
654SMO (UN tsis muaj S32654) {-} Super Austenitic Stainless Hlau:
Metallurgical tus kheej: 654smo yog nitrogen - {{{{}} alloy ultirothenitic stainless hlau. Nws khaws nws cov Austenitic (ntsej muag {{{{{}}} Chaw Sau lo lo lus teb) Cov qauv los ntawm cryogenic kub txog rau nws lub ntsiab lus melting.
Thawj txoj kev siv zog: nws lub zog yog los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj muaj zog ntxiv dag zog thiab nitrogen ntxiv dag zog. Tseem ceeb alloying ntsiab xws li molybdenum (mo), chromium (CR), thiab Nickel (NI) uas ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv hlau. Cov ntsiab lus nitrogen (n) cov ntsiab lus yog ib qho tshwj xeeb muaj zog tov khoom siv ntxiv, muab lub zog siab thiab ruaj khov tsis muaj teeb meem theem nrab.
Cov Cuab Yeej Tseem Ceeb: Nws yog engineered rau cov pitting corrosion, tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm rau hauv chloride hauv chloride nyob rau hauv chloride nyob ib puag ncig, thaum muab lub zog zoo thiab ductility. Nws lub zog, thaum zoo, nyob deb ntawm qhov kev kub kub siab tshaj plaws -} kho 15-7mo.
Ntsiab lus: 15 {{- 7mo yeeb nkab yog rau high {{. 654}}}} lub zog, Amazient {{{}} {{{{8} {}} xob - kub, kev siv tshuab corrosion.
2. Raws li lawv cov khoom uas divergent, nyob rau hauv uas cov kev lag luam tshwj xeeb thiab kev siv koj puas kam xaiv 15-7mo yeeb leeg piv rau ib qho 654smo yeeb nkab?
Daim ntawv thov cov chaw rau cov ob yam khoom no yuav luag tsis muaj kev sib tshooj, tsav los ntawm lawv cov cuab yeej ntawm lawv cov tseem ceeb: ib qho tseem ceeb ua rau muaj zog, lwm qhov corrosion tsis kam.
15-7oob Daim Ntawv Thov:
Cov yeeb nkab no yog siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuab uas txuag hnyav los ntawm ultra {} {{} lub zog yog qhov sib zog, thiab cov huab cua, lossis qee cov cua nab).
Aerospace thiab defense:
Lub dav hlau hydraulic: siab {{- qhov siab tubing thiab cov pa tswj cov tshuab thiab lub zog} {2} Qhov hnyav} qhov hnyav.
Missile thiab Rocket Casing Cheebtsam: Siv rau cov txheej txheem piping thiab siab cov hlab ntsha hauv cov kab ke no.
Cov Cheebtsam cov khoom sib xyaw: qee yam tsis yog -} {{}} Kev ntseeg cav thiab manifold.
Siab - Kev Ua Lag Luam Automotive: Rau Siab- siab hydraulic hauv kev sib tw tsheb.
Tshuaj lom neeg (Tsawg): Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb, cov kev pab cuam chlubly uas nws lub zog siab muaj cov cim tshwj xeeb, xws li high {}} ntsuas cov kab.
654smo yeeb nkab daim ntawv thov:
Cov yeeb nkab no yog cov khoom siv ntawm lub sijhawm kawg ua ntej tsiv mus rau nickel - Raws li cov feem ntau ua rau muaj kev xeb feem ntau.
Offshore roj & roj:
Dej hiav txwv: Rau cov kav dej tuav dej hiav txwv raw dej txias rau cov dej txias, cov neeg tua hluav taws, thiab kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv dej, qhov twg tsis kam rau chloride pitting yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Topside Piping: hauv cov kwj ntawm corrosive ntau ntau lawm uas muaj kev sib xyaw, chlorides, thiab h₂s.
Tshuaj lom neeg thiab petrochemical ua:
Tuav cov lus pom zoo sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, thiab lwm cov kua qaub ua nruj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum chlorides nyob.
Cov kav dej nyob rau hauv Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) units, uas cov kab chlorides thiab cov pH tsis muaj ntau.
Pulp thiab daim ntawv kev lag luam: hauv cov duab dig thiab cov tshuaj tua siav uas muaj cov corroride thiab oxidizing tshuaj siv.
Tubrog nkoj thiab nkoj: rau cov pas dej tseem ceeb ntawm cov nkoj uas muaj kev sib cuag nrog dej hiav txwv tsis tu ncua.
3. VUAM yog tus txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau cov tshuab luam ntawv. Yuav ua li cas cov txheej txheem vuam thiab cov kev sib tw sib txawv ntawm 15-7mo thiab 654smo?
Qhov vuam vuam yog txawv li cov alloys lawv tus kheej, xav txog lawv qhov chaw me me metallgy.
Vuam 15-7 lub paug:
Kev sib tw: Thawj qhov kev sib tw yog kev tswj hwm cov cua sov -} Yuav kom nws teb qhov kev kho cua sov txuas ntxiv thiab ua tiav lub zog xav tau thiab ua tiav. Cov txheej txheem Weld yuav tsum muaj kev tsim nyog nrog rau kev kho cua sov kawg.
Tus Txheej Txheem & Mitigation:
Muab tub lim hlau: feem ntau, muaj ntau yam sib xyaw ua ke muab cov hlau lossis ib qho los ntawm tib hom p thib ib (xws li 17-7hch muab ua haujlwm) yog siv.
Pre / Post {- Weld Kev Kho Tshav Kub: VUAM TSHOOJ Cua sov yog ua rau cov khoom siv hauv kev daws teeb meem (mob a) lossis tshaj-} {{{{laus. Tom qab vuam, tag nrho cov khoom sib xyaw yuav tsum yauv tag nrho nag lossis daus ua kom tawv tawv (txias, tub yees yog hais tias sau tseg, thiab laus). Qhov no yog qhov yuav tsum tau hloov cov Haz thiab txhim kho cov kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab cov khoom hauv kev tso Weldment.
Kev tswj: nruj kev tswj hwm dhau lub zog cua sov yog qhov tsim nyog kom tsis txhob tawg thiab ua kom muaj kev twv ua ntej.
Vuam 654SMO YEEB:
Kev sib tw: Qhov kev sib tw tseem ceeb yog khaws cia cov xeb pheej tsis ntawm cov hlau weld thiab haz. Lub siab alloy cov ntsiab lus ua rau weld hlau sluggish sluggish sluggish sluggish sluggish, thiab molybdenum los ntawm kev ua haujlwm theem nrab, tsim cov aav) ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam.
Tus Txheej Txheem & Mitigation:
Cov tub lim hlau: ib qho kev muab tub lim hlau overerer yog qhov tseem ceeb. Rau 654smo, ib npib tsib xee- Cov tub lim zoo li ernicrmo-13 (alloy 686 muab tub lim) yog siv haastelloy c-276 muab tub lim) yog siv feem ntau siv. Qhov no ua kom pom tseeb ntawm Weld tso nyiaj muaj qhov pitting tiv taus (ua ntej) tus lej sib npaug los yog ntau dua cov hlau hauv paus.
Cov tswv yim tshav kub tswj: Siv cov kev tawm suab cua sov thiab tsis txhob ua ntej - cua sov (tshwj tsis yog kom tshem tawm cov dej noo) kom txo qis hauv cov nag lossis nag lossis txias.
Kev tsim qauv & kev huv si: Kev tu huv si yog qhov yuav tsum tau los tiv thaiv kev sib kis (piv txwv li, los ntawm hlau, carbon, lossis leej faj). Tus qauv tsim nyog sib koom ua ke tso cai rau tag nrho cov kev nkag mus nrog kev hla dhau.
Kev thaiv cov ntaub thaiv: Kev tiv thaiv zoo ntawm cov kev pab them nyiaj (thiab rov qab {{{
4. Yuav ua li cas corrosion tsis kam ntawm 654SMO piv rau ntau cov hlau ntau dua 316L thiab Duplex 2205?
654SMO nyob hauv cov pab koom sib txawv zoo rau nws thaum nws los txog rau qhov chaw tiv thaiv corrosion, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob hauv chloride ib puag ncig.
vs . 316 l (qauv Austenitic):
Pitting Resistance: The difference is dramatic. The Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN = %Cr + 3.3x%Mo + 16x%N) tells the story. 316L has a PREN of ~25-28, while 654SMO has a PREN of >55. Qhov no ua rau 654smo zoo ib yam kom pitting hauv dej hiav txwv ntawm huab cua sov, whereas 316L yuav swb sai.
Crevice corrosion: 654smo tau ua tau zoo tshaj plaws rau cov corrosion, feem ntau yog qhov tsis ua haujlwm hnyav, thaum 316L yog kis tau zoo heev.
vs. Duplex 2205 (Pren ~ 34-38):
Kev Ua Yeeb Yam: DuPlex 2205 yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb los ntawm 316L thiab tau zoo heev rau ntau cov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm ntug dej thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv kub, stagant, lossis ntau chlorinated seawater, nws tseem tuaj yeem raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev txhim kho loj, muab kev nyab xeeb rau ntawm 2205 yuav yog nws qhov kev txwv.
Acid Refactance: 654SMO kuj tseem ceeb toom cov lus qhia dav dav rau cov acids uas dav heev, suav nrog nws cov molybdenum zoo li sulfurum (mo) thiab nitrogen (n) cov ntsiab lus.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, 654smo raug xaiv thaum 316L, 317L, 904L, thiab txawm tias tus qauv hloov dua tshiab tau ua pov thawj tsis txaus. Nws txuas qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv steel thiab Nickel alloys nyiam C-276 thiab Inconel 625.
5. Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab txhawb kev tswj hwm lub neej rau cov kav dej ua los ntawm 15-7mo thiab 654smo?
Ua kom muaj qhov ntev -}}} cov kav dej yuav tsum tau tswj hwm thiab kev paub txog kev txij nkawm.
Rau 15-7mo Yeeb:
Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb: cov qauv tseem ceeb muaj xws li 11412 (rau bar) thiab cov yeeb nkab feem ntau ua rau zoo sib xws nruj Aerosters. Kev ua tiav yuav tsum tau qhia cov mob uas xav tau (piv txwv li, mob a, th1050, rh950).
Kev tswj txoj kev tswj hwm:
Kev kho cua sov traceability: tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kev kho cua sov caij sov (lub sijhawm, ntsuas kub) rau cov yeeb nkab thiab cov rooj sib txoos kawg ntawm fab
NDT: dav dav tsis - kev sim ua kua (kua penetrant thiab ultrasonic kuaj) yuav tsum tau tom qab kev kho cua sov kom pom rau cov kab nrib pleb
Hauv - Kev Pab Cuam Haujlwm: Kev kuaj xyuas kom ua haujlwm rau kev puas tsuaj (SCC) thiab kev ntxhov siab corrosion cracking (SCC) nyob rau qee qhov chaw ib puag ncig yog qhov tseem ceeb. Nws cov kev pabcuam lub neej yog tswj hwm los ntawm qaug zog cycles thiab kev ntxhov siab txwv.
Rau 654smo yeeb nkab:
Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb: cov qauv uas muaj xws li ASTM A312 rau kev sib khi thiab Welded cov yeeb nkab thiab ASTM B675 rau Welded yeeb nkab. Cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau muab rau hauv cov tshuaj - Annealed thiab quenched mob kom ntseeg tau tias txhua tus qauv muaj sia nyob sab nraud.
Kev tswj txoj kev tswj hwm:
Corrosion Allowance: Thaum cov nyiaj tau zoo, ib qho me me corrosion tseem yog feem ntau suav nrog ntawm phab ntsa thickness calcness.
Hauv - Kev Pab Cuam Tag Nrho Cov Kev Ntsuam Xyuas: Thawj zaug kev sojntsuam kom pom tseeb yog nyob rau hauv corrosioncon. Cov tswv yim suav nrog:
Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Pom: Rau cov cim ntawm pitting lossis crevice corrosion ntawm kev txhawb nqa thiab flanges.
Kev sim ultrasonic (UT): Los saib xyuas phab ntsa thinning los ntawm kev corrosion lossis erosion {{corrosion.
Kev soj ntsuam tsis ua tiav: Yog tias tsis ua haujlwm, nws yuav luag yeej yog daim ntawv hauv zos ntawm corrosion. To taub txog ib puag ncig (Ph, pH, chloride concentration, kub, kav Oxidizers) yog tus yuam sij los txiav txim qhov ua.
