1. Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb metallgical sib txawv ntawm Monel 400 (alloy 2.4360 (Alloy 2.4375), thiab ua li cas qhov sib txawv no ua rau lawv pom nyob hauv lawv cov khoom?
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Monel 400 (tsis muaj N04400) thiab Monel K- 500 (uns} 500 (unstrical composition, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug tseem ceeb addositive thiab lub txiaj ntsig metallurgical txheej txheem. Ob alloys sib koom ua ib qho Nickel-tooj liab pib, nrog kwv yees li 63-70% NI thiab 27-33% CU. Txawm li cas los xij, Monel K-500 yog txuam nrog 2.3-3.15% aluminium (al) thiab 0.35-0.85% titanium (ti).
Qhov no ntxiv rau Monel K - 500 lub hnub nyoog {2} {} Hereas Hardenable) superalCoy, hos monel 400 yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem alloy.
Monel 400: nws lub zog yog muab tau ncaj qha los ntawm kev daws ntawm npib tsib xee thiab tooj liab atoms hauv cov tawv ncauj metallic. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv anealed lossis kub-} ua tiav kev mob thiab tsis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa ntawm kev kho cua sov.
Monel K - 500: Tom qab tov -}} "degree f / 593℃rau ob peb teev). Thaum lub sijhawm cov txheej txheem no, txhuas thiab titanium hais prepipitate tawm ntawm cov kev sib cais, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm intermetallic tebchaw, feem ntau raws Ni₃ (TI, AL). Cov lus no ua raws li lub zog muaj cov teeb meem rau kev txav ntawm kev tshem tawm hauv cov qauv crystal.
Qhov no manifestions hauv cov khoom sib txawv sib txawv:
Lub zog & Hardness: Monel K {4 4}} lub zog ntsuas, lossis siv cov roj ntsha siab tshaj li ntawm Monel 400. Qhov no yuav tsis txaus.
Corrosion Kuj: ob qho tib si alloys muaj zoo heev thiab dav heev zoo sib xws rau ntau qhov kev xeb ib puag ncig, suav nrog seasater dej, hydrofluoric acid, thiab alkalis. Txawm li cas los xij, lub zog siab ntawm K-500 ua rau nws tsis zoo haum rau cov ntawv thov uas ob leeg thiab galling / hnav yog kev txhawj xeeb.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, Monel K-500 tuaj yeem xav txog qhov muaj zog ntau dua, ua tiav los ntawm kev ua kom muaj nag los ua tiav.
2. Nyob rau hauv uas xav tau daim ntawv thov yog Monel K-500 cov yeeb nkab uniniquely haum, thiab vim li cas tsis tuaj yeem txheem stainless hlau lossis monel 400 yuav siv?
Monel K - 500 yeeb yog xaiv rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev sib txuas lus tsis tshua muaj, muaj zog ntau, thiab cov khoom sib nqus. Nws siv tau raug tshwj xeeb hauv cov xwm txheej uas lwm cov ntaub ntawv yuav swb.
Cov Ntawv Qhia Tseem Ceeb thiab Rationale:
Tubrog nkoj & Offshore Engineering:
Drilling risers & High - roj teeb thiab tua cov roj ntshauv thiab cov roj ntsha thiab cov roj ntsha ua kom muaj zog thiab tua cov roj ntsha hydrostatic envitect thiab dynamic loads. Monel 400 tsis muaj lub zog, thiab siab- Lub zog stainless hlau yog qhov kev ntxhov siab kev ntxhov siab corrosion (SCC).
Tus kiv cua kiv cua, cov twj tso kua mis: nws lub zog siab, thiab tiv thaiv cov pob txha ua kom zoo nkauj rau cov nkoj ntsev ntev thiab ua kom pom kev. Nws tiv qhov kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev ntxhov siab thiab kev qaug zog ua kom zoo dua monel 400.
Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam:
Siab - Cov txheej txheem siab rau cov roj ntsha ua rau muaj kev phom sij thiab kub thiab txias thiab kub thiab txias
Fasteners thiab bolting: k {- 500 yog qhov kev xaiv thawj zaug rau cov nroj tsuag tshuaj, tshwj xeeb yog nyob rau hauv seaterater {txias kev sib pauv cua sov. Nws tswj hwm nws classing load (siab lub zog) thiab yuav tsis txeeb lossis muaj cov hlau uas tsis muaj zog dua li Monel 400 lub fastener.
Aerospace thiab khoom siv tshwj xeeb:
Tsis - Magnetic Cov Tsev thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua ke nrog cov roj thiab roj kev lag luam thaum drilling {} mwd).
Tus kws kho hniav tuaj thiab scraper bars: hauv pulp thiab daim ntawv kev lag luam, nws lub zog siab thiab kev tawm tsam hnav thiab corrosion muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
Txheem stainless hlau (piv txwv li, 316) tsis nyob hauv cov ntawv thov no vim yog pitting thiab chloride scc. Duplex stainless hlau muaj lub zog siab dua tab sis tuaj yeem ua rau pom tseeb rau puag ntawm qee qhov kub. Monel 400 tsis yooj yim vim tias nws tsis tuaj yeem phim cov tshuab ua haujlwm muaj zog.
3. Dab tsi yog qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb rau vuam thiab ntaub pua chaw monel k-500 cov twj xovxwm?
Fabricating thiab vuam Monel K- 500 yog ntau dua cov kev ua haujlwm nrog Monel 400 vim nws lub hnub nyoog zoo. Cov tswv yim tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau ua tsis tiav thaum ntxov.
Vuam:
Thawj qhov kev sib tw yog tias Weld hlau thiab cov cua sov - be} - weld kev kho mob. Qhov kev daws teeb meem kev daws qhov kub yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom siv tawv tawv rov qab rau hauv kev daws teeb meem ntau dhau (nyob ib ncig ntawm 186 degree) thiab yuav muaj kev sib tw ntawm tag nrho cov hlau, tua yeej lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv K-500.
Xaiv cov chaw xaiv hlau: Tus qauv kev coj ua yog rau Weld Monel K- 500}} 66 (Erni4060) lossis Monel 67 Muab Tub Rog. Cov sau ua ke no tau sib xyaw zoo ib yam li Monel 400. Qhov no ua rau "overmatched" corrosion-resistant weld, tab sis ib qho "weld hais txog lub zog. Welded sib koom ua ke yuav muaj qhov qis zog zog dua li cov laus K-500 lub hauv paus hlau.
Kev txiav txim siab tsim: Vim tias lub zog no tsis tau, tus weld yuav tsum yog tsim los xyuas cov kev ntxhov siab ntawm Weld yog nyob rau hauv lub peev xwm ntawm lub monel 400-hom weld hlau.
Cov txheej txheem: Siv cov cua sov tsawg, thiab tswj hwm qhov ntsuas kub qis (qis dua 150 degree) kom txo qis kev sib cais thiab kub ua kev sib tsoo hauv Weld.
Fabrication (machining txoj kev & machining):
Kev tsim cov khoom txias: K-500 feem ntau muab rau hauv cov laus. Hauv lub xeev no, nws muaj zog heev thiab nyuaj, xav tau lub zog tseem ceeb rau kev sib sau thiab ua kom pom lub caij ci ntsa iab. Nws yog tsawg dua ductile ntau dua li monel 400.
Machining: zoo sib xws rau Monel 400 tab sis nrog lub zog ua haujlwm siab dua vim nws lub zog siab dua. Ntse, Zoo {2 2}} rake cuab yeej thiab cov teeb tsa nruj ua haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm tsawg dua thiab ua tiav qhov zoo ua tiav.
Kev Kho Cua Sov:
Tag nrho kev kho cua sov (daws anealing + Laus) yog ua los ntawm zeb, tsis yog ib txwm nyob tom teb. Yuav tsum tau paub txog cov ntaub so ceev (piv txwv li rau kev ntxhov siab hauv tsev kho mob) tuaj yeem hloov kho cov khoom siv hnub nyoog zoo nkauj thiab yuav tsum tau pom zoo los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv engineer.
4. Kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Monel K-500 hloov nrog qhov kub thiab txias, thiab nws cov kev ua haujlwm yog dab tsi?
Monel K-500 cov khoom siv tshuab tau ruaj khov tshaj qhov kub thiab txias ntau, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Chav nyob kub: nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog, nws ua pov thawj heev zog, nrog ib tug raug zog ntawm 150-12-150 ksi (758-1034 mpa).
Kev kub siab kub: nws khaws ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm nws lub zog txog li 600 degree). Qhov no ua rau nws haum rau high - kub fasteners thiab cov khoom siv hauv cov tshuab thiab cov tawv nqaij. Txawm li cas los xij, prolonged raug rau qhov kub hauv thaj tsam ntawm 1000 -}}}} 1400-760 degree) tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txo qis hauv lub zog thiab hardness.
Tsawg / cryogenic kub: zoo li txhua nickel -}}}} Lub ntsej muag {{4 4}} to-brittic hloov. Nws tswj hwm tau zoo heev, ductility, thiab lub zog kom txias kom kub raws li -423℃f (-253 degree), ua rau nws muaj kev vam meej ntuj;
Txwv tsis pub ua hauj lwm:
Cov kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv hauv oxidizing kev siv hluav taws xob: feem ntau tsis pom zoo rau kev siv tas mus li hauv huab cua saum toj 1000 degree) vim tias mus rau sab nraud oxidation thiab scaling. Nws cov kev ntsuas kub lub zog rau cov txheej txheem kev siv hluav taws xob feem ntau yog ib ncig ntawm 800℃f (427 degree).
Kev ntxhov siab corrosion cracking (SCC): Thaum muaj kev tiv thaiv chloride scc, monel k- 500} tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam kev ntxhov siab nyob rau hauv muaj mercury. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb xav hauv cov roj thiab roj ntau lawm qhov twg mercury yuav muaj nyob hauv cov dej dej.
5. Dab tsi yog cov qauv cuam tshuam thoob ntiaj teb thiab cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau kev kos cov Monel K-500 yeeb nkab?
Txheeb cov khoom siv tau lees paub cov qauv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom zoo, ua tau zoo, thiab mob xwm txheej. Rau Monel K-500 cov yeeb nkab, cov qauv hauv qab no yog feem ntau cuam tshuam.
Thawj cov qauv rau yeeb nkab thiab raj:
ASTM B 865}} / ASME SB 865}}: Qhov no yog thawj tus qauv rauSeamless thiab weldedNickel - hypper -}} aluminium alloy (tsis muaj n05500) yeeb nkab thiab raj. Nws nkag siab txog cov tshuaj, kho tshuab, thiab kev soj ntsuam cov cai qhia tshwj xeeb rau K-500 cov qauv khoom.
ASTM B164 / ASME SB164: Txheem rau nickel - tooj liab alloy qws, bar, thiab hlau. Qhov no yog siv rau sourcing bar Tshuag rau fittings lossis machined Cheebtsam. Nws muaj ntu tshwj xeeb rau UNICS N05500.
ASTM B564 / ASME SB564: Txheem rau Nickel Alloy Tsis Nco Ntsoov. Qhov no npog forged fittings (piv txwv li, plhaw welds, flanges) tau los ntawm K-500.
European thiab lwm yam qauv:
DIN 17760 & DIN 17752: Cov qauv German qhia txog cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov neeg kho tshuaj txhua yam rau cov Nickel alloys, suav nrog cov naj npawb khoom 2.4375 (Monel K-5005).
ISO 6208: Tus qauv thoob ntiaj teb rau kev siv lub cim npe Nickel thiab Nickel Alloy daim hlau, cov ntawv txheeb, thiab ib daim ntawv.
Yuav ua li cas cov qauv ua kom zoo:
Cov qauv no yuam kom nruj rau:
Tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj: ua kom meej meej cov qib zoo ntawm Ni, Cu, Al, Ti, thiab impurities yuav lav cov hardenability thiab corrosion tsis kam.
Cov cuab yeej kho tshuab: txhais tau tias qhov tsawg kawg nkaus, tawm tsam, thiab elongation values nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub uas tau kho (feem ntau}} muaj hnub nyoog).
Kev kho cua sov: qhia meej qhov tseeb kev daws analaling thiab kev laus cov tsis muaj zeb yuav tsum ua raws.
Kuaj: Xav kom hydrostatic lossis tsis - Kev sim ua kom puas (piv txwv li, eddy testiv (eddy tam sim no) kom ntseeg tau lub suab.
Daim ntawv pov thawj: Daim ntawv pov thawj zeb zeb yuav tsum tau ua tiav (MTC) muab cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia, tshuaj ntsuam tshuaj, thiab cov kws tshuaj ntsuam tshuaj, muab tag nrho cov kev ntsuas tshuaj lom neeg los ntawm cov yeeb nkab kawg.
