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Tsev > Kev paub > Paub meej
Dec 30, 2025 Tso lus

Kev kho cua sov sib txawv ntawm Nickel Alloys

Cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov sib txawv li cas (Annealing, Solution Treatment, Aging) Regulate the Hardness of Nickel-raws li Alloys

1. Annealing: Softening lub alloy kom txo hardness

Basic Principple

Annealing ntawm nickel{0}}raws li alloys feem ntau muaj peb theem:cua sov rau sub - solvus kub(hauv qab qhov kub thiab txias ntawm txhua theem theem nrab yaj mus rau hauv matrix), tuav lub sijhawm txaus los tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv thiab homogenize lub microstructure, thiab tom qab ntawd maj mam txias (feem ntau yog lub tshuab cua txias).
Rau npib tsib xee - raws li alloys uas muaj precipitated theem (xws li 'theem Ni3​​(Al, Ti), 'theem Ni3Nb los yog carbides), annealing txhawb lubcoarsening ntawm theem nrabthiab covrov qab thiab recrystallizationntawm deformed matrix. Kev rov qab los daws cov kab lattice distortions los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias, thaum recrystallization tsim tshiab, lim - cov nplej dawb. Ob txheej txheem txo tus naj npawb ntawm dislocation obstacles nyob rau hauv lub alloy.

Qhov cuam tshuam rau Hardness

Annealing yog ibsoftening txheej txheemuas tsis tu ncua txo qhov hardness ntawm nickel - raws li alloys.

Rau txias - ua hauj lwm npib tsib xee - raws li alloys (xws li, txias - dov Inconel 625 nplooj ntawv), annealing tshem tawm ua hauj lwm hardening los ntawm erasing dislocation commulations, uas ua rau ib tug tseem ceeb txo nyob rau hauv hardness thiab nce nyob rau hauv ductility.

Rau cam khwb cia npib tsib xee - raws li alloys, annealing txo cov hardness tshwm sim los ntawm dendritic segregation thiab residual stresses, ua lub alloy yooj yim rau tshuab.

Piv txwv li: Txias - ua haujlwm Inconel 718 muaj qhov nyuaj ntawm kwv yees li 320 HB. Tom qab annealing ntawm 980∘C rau 1 teev tom qab cua txias, nws hardness poob mus rau ib ncig ntawm 190 HB.

2. Kev Kho Mob: Homogenizing lub Matrix los teeb lub hauv paus hardness

Basic Principple

Kev kho tshuaj yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau nickel - raws li cov alloys, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nag lossis daus - qib hardenable (xws li Inconel 718, Hastelloy X). Cov txheej txheem koom nrogcua sov cov hlau mus rau qhov kub siab tshaj ntawm solvus kab ntawm cov theem ntxiv dag zog(feem ntau
), tuav nws rau ib lub sij hawm kom tag nrho yaj lub zog theem nrab (', '', carbides) rau hauv cov nickel - raws li cov kua matrix, thiab ces txias sai heev (dej quenching los yog cua txias).
Kev txias nrawm tiv thaiv qhov re - nag lossis daus ntawm yaj theem thaum lub caij txias, yog li tau txaissupersaturated solid tovnrog ib tug uniform tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Qhov cuam tshuam rau Hardness

Lub hardness ntawm npib tsib xee - raws li alloys tom qab kev daws teeb meem yognruab nrab thiab uniform, ua lub hauv paus rau kev kho mob tom qab laus.

Piv nrog rau qhov zoo li - cam khwb cia lossis txias - ua haujlwm hauv lub xeev, kev kho tshuaj txo cov tawv nqaij los ntawm kev ua kom cov ntxhib ntxhib, nkig theem nrab thiab homogenizing matrix. Piv txwv li, raws li - nrum Inconel 718 muaj ib tug hardness ntawm ~ 250 HB, thiab tom qab kev daws teeb meem ntawm 1065∘C rau 1 teev thiab dej quenching, lub hardness txo mus rau ~ 210 HB.

Piv nrog rau lub xeev annealed, tshuaj - kho cov alloys muaj zog dua me ntsis vim hais tias cov khoom siv supersaturated muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov lattice ntau dua li qhov sib npaug matrix tsim los ntawm qeeb txias thaum lub sij hawm annealing.

Kev kho mob ib leeg tsis tuaj yeem ua kom qhov hnyav ntawm nag lossis daus - hardenable nickel - raws li alloys; nws tsuas yog npaj cov microstructure rau ntxiv dag zog ntxiv.

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3. Kev Kho Kev Laus: Precipitating Strengthening Phases kom ua kom tawv tawv

Basic Principple

Kev laus yog ib txoj kev kho mob tom qab -, feem ntau yog ua ntawm aqis rau nruab nrab kub rau ob peb teev mus rau kaum teev. Cov tshuaj supersaturated tau txais los ntawm kev kho cov tshuaj yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev metastable. Thaum lub sij hawm aging, cov dej solute atoms (Al, Ti, Nb, thiab lwm yam) diffuse thiab precipitate li.zoo, uniformly faib ntxiv zog theem(',', thiab lwm yam) hauv matrix.
Cov precipitates zoo no ua raws lidislocation barriers, cuam tshuam lub zog ntawm dislocations thaum lub alloy raug rau sab nraud quab yuam, yog li ho txhim kho hardness thiab lub zog. Kev laus tuaj yeem muab faib ua ib zaug - theem kev laus thiab ob - theem kev laus raws li cov txheej txheem tsis. Ob npaug - theem kev laus (xws li, siab - kub aging + qis - kub aging rau Inconel 718) optimizes qhov loj thiab tis ntawm precipitates kom ua tau zoo sib npaug ntawm hardness thiab toughness.

Qhov cuam tshuam rau Hardness

Kev laus yog qhovthawj txheej txheem ntxiv dag zoguas maximizes hardness ntawm nag lossis daus - hardenable nickel - raws li alloys.

Rau kev daws - kho Inconel 718, tom qab ob npaug - theem kev laus (720∘C rau 8 teev, rauv txias rau 620∘C rau 8 teev, ces cua txias), nws hardness nce sharply ntawm ~ 210 HB mus rau360-400 HB.

Lub hardness hloov thaum lub sij hawm kev laus ua raws li ib tug qauv: nws nce sai heev nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov theem (raws li precipitates nucleate thiab loj hlob mus rau ib tug loj loj), mus txog rau lub ncov thaum lub precipitates zoo thiab uniformly faib, thiab ces txo (overaging) raws li cov precipitates coarsen thiab poob lawv dislocation - pinning peev xwm.

Rau cov tsis yog - nag lossis daus - hardenable npib tsib xee - raws li alloys (xws li, Inconel 600, ib qho khoom - tov ntxiv dag zog rau alloy), kev laus muaj me ntsis cuam tshuam rau hardness vim hais tias tsis muaj cov theem ntxiv dag zog rau precipitate; nws hardness mas yog nyob ntawm kev kho mob thiab txias ua hauj lwm.

4. Synergistic nyhuv ntawm cov txheej txheem ua ke

Hauv kev siv tswv yim, cov txheej txheem kho cua sov feem ntau ua ke kom ua tiav qhov xav tau hardness:

Kev kho mob + Kev laus: Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntau tshaj plaws rau nag lossis daus - hardenable npib tsib xee - raws li cov alloys, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov siab tshaj plaws hardness thiab lub zog thaum tswj kev toughness.

Annealing + Txias ua hauj lwm + daws kev kho mob: Siv los kho cov qoob loj ntawm cov hlau; lub hardness tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev kho cov℃ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias ua ntej kev kho mob.

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