Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm tooj liab thiab tooj liab-tsib xee?
1. Muaj pes tsawg leeg
Bronze:
Lub Koom Haum Me Nyuam: Tooj (CU) raws li lub hauv paus hlau, feem ntau yog muaj lwm yam xws li Aluminium, mangleon, lossis zinc, tooj dag bronze).
Tib qho Cin Bronze Muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj pes tsawg leeg: 80-95% Cu, 5-20% sn (lwm yam alloys sib txawv).
Tooj liab-tsibckel (cuponickel):
Lub Koom Haum Me Nyuam: Tooj (CU) thiab Nickel (NI), feem ntau nrog cov hlau me me, manganese, lossis zinc los txhim kho cov khoom.
Muaj Feem Ntau: 90\/10 (90% CU, 10% NI) lossis 70% CU, 30% NI), nrog hlau thiab manganese qee zaum ntxiv (piv txwv li, rau cov ntawv thov marine).
2. Cov Khoom Siv Neeg Kho Tshuab
Hardness thiab lub zog:
Bronze: Feem ntau nyhav thiab muaj zog dua li cov tooj liab dawb huv dua, nrog lub zog tensile li ntawm 200-800 MPa (nyob ntawm alloy thiab kev ua). Piv txwv li, tin bronze tuaj yeem ncav cuag ~ 300-500 mpa, thaum lub sij hawm txhuas bronze May tshaj 600 MPa.
Tooj liab-Nickel: softer tshaj li ntau bronzes, nrog tensile lub zog nyob ib ncig ntawm 300-6, 70\/30 cu-ni cu ~ 350-650 MPa). Nws yog ntau coorile thiab tsawg dua nyuaj dua li tooj dag.
Elasticity thiab ductility:
Bronze: tuaj yeem tawg yog cov ntsiab lus tin yog high, tab sis feem ntau feem ntau condile thiab haum rau kev ua yeeb yam lossis forging.
Tooj liab-npib: condile, txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov neeg txias-ua haujlwm, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau kev sib sau rau hauv cov ntawv txheeb, cov kav dej lossis xov hlau.
3. Corrosion Kuj
Bronze:
Tsis kam xeb hauv dej tsis huv thiab qee qhov kev mob atmospheric tab sis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua rau ntsev corrosion dua tooj liab-tsib xee.
Tin Bronze cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv oxide txheej, tab sis hauv ib puag ncig marine, nws yuav tau "Dezincification" (yog zinc tam sim no) lossis kev yaig los ntawm cov dej txav.
Tooj liab-tsibckel:
Zoo heev corrosion in sillwater, acids, thiab alkaline daws teeb meem. Cov ntsiab lus npib tsib xee ua kom nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv cov nkoj nkoj, ua kom zoo tshaj rau cov khoom lag luam nkoj, cov raj xa pa tawm, thiab kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob.
Tiv thaiv biofouling (kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob marine), ib qho tseem ceeb hauv cov ntawv thov seaterwater.
4. Thermal thiab Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob
Thermal Condivity:
Bronze: qis dua li ntshiab tooj liab tab sis tseem muaj siab (piv txwv li, tin bronze muaj ~ 50-80 w \/ min k).
Tooj liab-npib: qis dua thermal conductivity (~ 25-4-4-40-40-40-40-40 W \/ minel txoj cawv, ua rau nws tsim nyog dua rau cov cua kub sib piv nrog rau tus bronze.
Hluav Taws Xob Ua Haujlwm:
Bronze: Nruab nrab conductivity (10-30% ntawm cov tooj liab ntshiab), siv hauv cov hluav taws xob txuas lossis cov khoom siv uas xav tau tab sis tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Tooj liab-tsibickel: tsawg hluav taws xob conductivity (~ 2-5% ntawm cov ntawv thov hluav taws xob tshwj tsis yog xav tau (piv txwv li, cov khoom siv cua sov).
5. Kev thov
Bronze:
Keeb kwm kev siv: Cov ntsiab lus, nyiaj npib, thiab kos duab (piv txwv li, lub hnub nyoog bronze).
Cov ntawv thov niaj hnub: bearings, bushings, vim muaj cov khoom siv sib txhuam tsawg), cov khoom siv suab paj nruag (hauv cov khoom siv suab paj nruag), hom tooj liab-zinc alloy, ib hom tooj daj-zinc, thiab hom tooj liab.
Tooj liab-tsibckel:
Marine Engineering: Nkoj Hulls, Propellers, Seaterater Kav Dej, thiab Kev Kub Cua Sov.
Tshuaj Kev Lag Luam: Cov khoom siv rau kev tswj cov kua corrosive.
Kev Khib: Ib co npib (piv txwv li, Asmeskas npib tsib leeg, tab sis niaj hnub no peb cov leeg qaib yog tooj liab nrog cov npib tsib xee).
Hluav taws xob: tsim tawm lossis cov khoom sib xyaw uas tsis muaj kev ua tau zoo yog txhob txwm ua.
6. Xim thiab tsos
Bronze: Feem ntau muaj lub ntsej muag daj lossis xim kub, uas tsaus ntuj lub sijhawm vim oxidation.
Tooj liab-tsibickel: Cov khoom ua pov thawj ib qho silvery-grey xim, zoo ib yam li npib tsib xee, vim nws cov ntsiab lus nickel siab.
Uas yog softer, tooj liab lossis npib tsib xee?
1. Hardness Ntsuas
Tooj liab (ntshiab):
MoHS Hardness: ~ 2.5-3
Vickers Hardness: ~ 35-40 Hv
Mos thiab malleable, yooj yim puab los ntawm tes lossis cov cuab yeej.
Nickel (ntshiab):
MoHS Hardness: ~ 4-4.5
Vickers Hardness: ~ 70-100 HV
Nyuaj thiab tiv taus ntau dua rau deformation, nrog lub zog ntau dua tshaj li tus tooj liab dawb.
2. Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob
Lub zog tensile:
Ntshuam Ntshai: ~ 220 MPa
Ntshiab Nickel: ~ 400 mpa
Nickel lub zog atoms atoms thiab cov qauv siv lead ua muab nws lub zog siab dua thiab tawv tawv.
Ductility:
Ob qho tib si yog ducile, tab sis tooj liab ntau dua (yooj yim dua rau flatten rau hauv cov ntawv txheeb (yooj yim dua rau cov xov tooj (yooj yim dua vim nws hardness.
3. Cov tswv yim cuam tshuam
Tooj liab lub softness: ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau hluav taws xob xaim (yooj yim khoov thiab txiav), kav dej kav dej, thiab cov khoom zoo nkauj. Nws cov muag muag kuj tso cai rau nws los ua daim foob hauv cov yeeb nkab fittings yam tsis muaj zog ntau dhau.
Nickel lub hardness: ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov kev siv hlau los tiv thaiv lwm yam hlau (piv txwv li cov hlau nplaum lossis tooj liab-nickel alloys).
