Copper Alloys haum rau siab -Tub kub ib puag ncig (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 300℃/ 572℃F)
Zoo heev oxidation / corrosion kuj (tiv thaiv kev tsim thiab degradation ntawm cov khoom);
High thermal stability (tsawg heev softening los yog creep deformation nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov);
Cov cuab yeej siv zog ruaj khov (lub zog tensile Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 200 MPa ntawm lub hom phiaj kub).
Cov Qib Tseem Ceeb & Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Kawm:
(1) tooj liab-Nickel Alloys (Cu-Ni)
Qib: C70600 (90-10 Cu-Ni), C71500 (70-30 Cu-Ni)
Qhov kub thiab txias: Mus txog 450℃(842℃F) kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv; ncov tsis kam mus txog 600℃(1112℃F) rau luv luv -lub sij hawm raug.
Alloying Advantage: Nickel (10{1}}30%) tsim cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv Cr₂O₃/NiO oxide, inhibiting oxidation thiab corrosion (txawm tias nyob rau hauv high-temperature gases los yog seawater vapor).
Daim ntawv thov:
Tubrog nkoj thiab sab ntug dej hiav txwv: Siab-kub kub exchangers, boiler raj, thiab tso pa system (tiv thaiv dej ntsev corrosion ntawm siab kub).
Kev tsim hluav taws xob: Chav turbine condensers, nuclear cog cua txias tshuab (tso siab - siab, siab - qhov kub thiab txias).
Kev lag luam: Rauv liners, tshuaj reactor Cheebtsam (resist acidic / alkaline gases ntawm 300-450 degree).
(2) Aluminium Bronze Alloys
Qib: C61400 (Cu-Al-Fe), C63000 (Cu-Al-Ni-Fe, "Aluminium Bronze 9D")
Qhov kub thiab txias: Mus txog 400℃(752℃F) kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv; 450℃(842℃F) rau kev siv tsis tu ncua.
Alloying Advantage: Aluminium (8-12%) ua cov ntaub ntawv tuab Al₂O₃ oxide, muab cov oxidation zoo dua thiab hnav tsis kam; Hlau / npib tsib xee ntxiv txhim kho qhov kub thiab txias zog thiab nkag siab tsis kam.
Daim ntawv thov:
Aerospace: Cav Cheebtsam (valve, bushings), tsaws iav qhov chaw (tshwj xeeb rau cua sov).
Kev siv tshuab: High-kub bearings, gears, thiab twj impellers (ua haujlwm hauv cov roj kub lossis slurries).
Marine: Nkoj propulsion systems (resists dej ntsev corrosion thiab cavitation ntawm kub).
(3) Tooj-Chromium-Zirconium Alloys (Cu-Cr-Zr)
Qib: C18150 (Cu-Cr-Zr), C18200 (Cu-Cr-Zr-Ti)
Qhov kub thiab txias: Mus txog 500℃(932℃F) kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv; 600℃(1112℃F) rau luv luv -lub sijhawm peaks.
Alloying Advantage: Chromium (0.5-1.0%) thiab zirconium (0.1-0.2%) tsim cov nplua precipitates (Cr₂Zr) los ntawm kev kho cua sov, tuav lub zog tensile siab (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 350 MPa ntawm 400 degree) thiab hluav taws xob conductivity (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 75% IACS).
Daim ntawv thov:
Hluav taws xob engineering: High -kub hluav taws xob tiv tauj, vuam electrodes, thiab transformer windings (combines conductivity nrog tshav kub kuj).
Aerospace: Rocket engine Cheebtsam, hydraulic kab (tolerates huab cua kub los ntawm combustion).
Automotive: High -kev ua haujlwm lub cav li qub thiab tso pa tawm (tiv thaiv thermal cycling).
(4) Silicon Bronze Alloys
Qib: C65500 (Cu-Si-Mn), C65800 (Cu-Si-Zn)
Qhov kub thiab txias: Mus txog 350℃(662℃F) kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv.
Alloying Advantage: Silicon (2-4%) txhim kho oxidation tsis kam thiab lub zog ntawm qhov kub siab; manganese ntxiv txhim kho ductility.
Daim ntawv thov:
Architectural: Siab-kub zoo nkauj trim, ru tsev (tiv taus huab cua thiab cua sov hauv ib puag ncig kev lag luam).
Kev lag luam: fasteners, li qub, thiab fittings rau cov dej kub / chav dej (tus nqi - siv tau zoo rau Cu-Ni).
(5) Nickel Silver Alloys (Cu-Ni-Zn)
Qib: C75200 (65-18-17 Cu-Ni-Zn), C77000 (75-12-13 Cu-Ni-Zn)
Qhov kub thiab txias: Mus txog 300℃(572℃F) kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv.
Alloying Advantage: Nickel (12-18%) txhim kho oxidation tsis kam; zinc txhim kho machinability yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam qhov kub-kub stability.
Daim ntawv thov:
Cov cuab yeej suab paj nruag: tooj dag ntsuas li qub thiab cov swb (tsim cov duab thiab cov khoom siv suab nrov hauv qab cua sov).
Electronics: High-kub connector vaj tse thiab hloov cov khoom (combines corrosion resistance with aesthetic appeal).
(6) tooj liab-Tin Bronze (Phosphor Bronze)
Qib: C52100 (Cu-Sn-P), C54400 (Cu-Sn-Zn-P)
Qhov kub thiab txias: Mus txog 300℃(572℃F) kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv.
Alloying Advantage: Phosphorus (0.05-0.35%) deoxidizes cov hlau thiab txhim kho oxidation tsis kam; tin (5-10%) txhim kho lub zog ntawm qhov kub siab.
Daim ntawv thov:
Kev lag luam: High-kub bearings, bushings, thiab springs (resists hnav thiab deformation nyob rau hauv kub machinery).
Hluav taws xob: High-kub hluav taws xob tiv tauj thiab cov springs (tso elasticity thiab conductivity).
(7) Copper-Magnesium Alloys (Cu-Mg)
Qib: C18660 (Cu-Mg)
Qhov kub thiab txias: Mus txog 400℃(752℃F) kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv.
Alloying Advantage: Magnesium (0.5-1.0%) txhim kho qhov kub thiab txias zog thiab oxidation tsis kam; tuav zoo ductility.
Daim ntawv thov:
Aerospace: Siab- kub fasteners thiab cov khoom siv (lub teeb yuag thiab tshav kub-resistant).
Automotive: Siab-kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cav qhov chaw (tiv thaiv thermal cycling thiab corrosion).
(8) Tooj-Titanium Alloys (Cu-Ti)
Qib: C19900 (Cu-Ti)
Qhov kub thiab txias: Mus txog 450℃(842℃F) kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv.
Alloying Advantage: Titanium (1.5-2.5%) daim ntawv TiCu₃ precipitates, pab kom kub-kub lub zog thiab oxidation kuj; tuav zoo hluav taws xob conductivity.
Daim ntawv thov:
Hluav taws xob engineering: High -kub hluav taws xob tiv tauj thiab busbars (combines conductivity nrog kub kuj).
Muaj: Siab-kub li qub thiab fittings (tiv thaiv corrosion thiab deformation).
(9) Tooj-Zirconium Alloys (Cu-Zr)
Qib: C15000 (Cu-Zr)
Qhov kub thiab txias: Txog 500℃(932℃F) kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv.
Alloying Advantage: Zirconium (0.1-0.2%) tsim ZrCu₂ precipitates, tuav lub zog siab thiab conductivity ntawm qhov kub siab.
Daim ntawv thov:
Hluav taws xob engineering: High-kub vuam electrodes thiab transformer windings (tiv thaiv tshav kub thiab tuav conductivity).
Aerospace: Rocket engine Cheebtsam (tolerates huab cua sov).
(10) Tooj-Chromium Alloys (Cu-Cr)
Qib: C18000 (Cu-Cr)
Qhov kub thiab txias: Mus txog 450℃(842℃F) kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv.
Alloying Advantage: Chromium (0.5-1.0%) cov ntaub ntawv Cr precipitates, txhim kho qhov kub thiab txias zog thiab oxidation tsis kam; tuav zoo hluav taws xob conductivity.
Daim ntawv thov:
Hluav taws xob engineering: High -kub hluav taws xob tiv tauj thiab cov keyboards (sib txuas conductivity nrog kub tsis kam).
Kev lag luam: Siab- qhov kub ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob (tiv thaiv oxidation thiab deformation).
Cov Lus Cim Tseem Ceeb rau Siab -Kev Siv Kub:
Tsis txhob siab -zinc tooj dag (xws li, C36000) siab tshaj 200 degree, vim dezincification (zinc leaching) ua rau cov khoom embrittlement.
Rau qhov kub siab tshaj 500 degree, ua ntej nag lossis daus- cov alloys tawv (Cu-Cr-Zr, Cu-Ti) lossis Cu-Ni alloys nrog cov ntsiab lus siab nickel (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 30% Ni) kom tiv thaiv kev nkag tsis ua haujlwm.
Nyob rau hauv oxidizing atmospheres (xws li, rauv ib puag ncig), xaiv alloys nrog txhuas, chromium, los yog silicon ntxiv (xws li, C61400, C18150) rau robust oxide zaj duab xis tsim.
