1. Ntshiab tooj liab (Unalloyed Copper)
Cov khoom tseem ceeb
Hluav taws xob conductivity: 85–100% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard), siab tshaj ntawm engineering hlau.
Thermal conductivity370-401 W / (m·K), zoo tagnrho rau kev hloov cua sov.
Ductility: Zoo heev (elongation Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 40%), yooj yim tsim los ntawm dov, kos duab, lossis extrusion.
Corrosion kuj: Zoo (ua kom ruaj khov Cu₂O / CuO oxide zaj duab xis hauv huab cua / dej).
Hom Qib
C11000 (Oxygen-Dawb tooj liab, OFC): Cu Ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 99.99%, siab tshaj conductivity (100% IACS), siv nyob rau hauv ultra-siab- daim ntawv thov precision.
C10200 (Oxygen-muaj tooj liab): Cu Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 99.95%, tus nqi- zoo, haum rau cov hom phiaj hluav taws xob / cua sov.
C12200 (Phosphorus{1}}Deoxidized Copper): Cu Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 99.9%, cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj oxygen, txhim kho weldability thiab corrosion kuj.
Cov ntawv thov kev lag luam
Hluav taws xob engineering: Fais fab cables, busbars, transformer windings, hluav taws xob connectors, thiab luam Circuit Court boards (PCBs).
Thermal tswj: Thaum tshav kub kub exchangers, radiators, txias kav, thiab hnub ci dej rhaub coils.
Precision manufacturing: Aerospace thaiv, cov khoom siv semiconductor, thiab cov khoom siv cryogenic.
2. Brass (Cu-Zn Alloys)
Cov khoom tseem ceeb
Mechanical zog: Tensile zog 300–650 MPa (vim nrog Cu-Zn piv thiab ua).
Machineability: Zoo heev (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tooj dag), txo cov cuab yeej hnav thiab cov nqi tsim khoom.
Corrosion kuj: Zoo nyob rau hauv huab cua, dej tshiab, thiab tshuaj me me; siab - tooj liab tooj dag resists dezincification.
Aesthetic thov: Kub / daj xim, haum rau cov hniav thiab architectural daim ntaub ntawv.
Hom Qib
C26000 (Yaj Brass): Cu 63–66%, Zn 34–37%, balanced zog thiab ductility, siv rau dav - lub hom phiaj qhov chaw.
HPb59-1 (Leaded tooj dag)Cu 57-60%, Zn tshuav, Pb 0.8-1.9%, machinability zoo, zoo tagnrho rau fasteners thiab fittings.
C28000 (Naval Brass)Cu 60-63%, Zn 35-38%, Sn 1-2%, txhim khu corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv seawater.
C69300 (Silicon tooj dag): Cu 82–86%, Zn 11–15%, Si 1.5–2.5%, lead-dawb, ua raws li cov qauv ib puag ncig (RoHS).
Cov ntawv thov kev lag luam
Cov kav dej & kho vajtse: li qub, faucets, yeeb nkab fittings, txiv ntseej, bolts, thiab hinges.
Automotive kev lag luam: Radiator cores, roj kab, iav hubs, thiab hluav taws xob connectors.
Marine engineering: Nkoj hull fittings, kiv cua shafts, thiab offshore platform Cheebtsam (naval tooj dag).
Kho kom zoo nkauj & architectural: Qhov rooj kov, railings, thiab suab paj nruag (xws li, trombones, trumpets).
3. Bronze (Cu-Sn/Al Alloys)
3.1 Tin Bronze (Cu-Sn Alloys)
Cov khoom tseem ceeb: Zoo corrosion kuj (seawater, organic acids), zoo hnav tsis kam, thiab ductility.
Hom Qib:
C51000 (Phosphor Bronze): Cu 94–96%, Sn 4–6%, P 0.01–0.35%, siab ductility thiab hluav taws xob conductivity.
C54400 (Naval Bronze): Cu 88-90%, Sn 9-11%, Zn 1-3%, superior seawater corrosion kuj.
Daim ntawv thov: Bearings, bushings, gears, marine fittings, electronics springs, and music instruments.
3.2 Aluminium Bronze (Cu-Al Alloys)
Cov khoom tseem ceeb: Siab zog (600-1000 MPa), tshwj xeeb corrosion kuj (acids, alkalis, seawater), thiab hnav tsis kam.
Hom Qib:
C61400 (Aluminium Bronze): Cu 88–92%, Al 8–10%, Fe 0.5–1.5%, balanced zog thiab ductility.
C63000 (High-Lub zog Aluminium Bronze): Cu 86-89%, Al 10-11%, Fe 2-4%, Ni 2-4%, ultra-siab zog thiab puas ntsoog.
Daim ntawv thov: Heavy machinery parts (crusher liners, gears), roj/gas khoom (drill bits, li qub), marine propellers, thiab cov cuab yeej kho mob (qib biocompatible).
4. Copper-Nickel Alloys (Cu-Ni Alloys)
Cov khoom tseem ceeb
Corrosion kuj: Zoo tshaj rau tooj dag thiab feem ntau bronzes hauv dej hiav txwv, roj qaub (H₂S), thiab cov tshuaj chloride.
Mechanical zogLub zog tensile 400-800 MPa, khaws lub zog ntawm qhov kub siab (txog 500 degree).
Tsawg magnetic permeability: Haum rau daim ntawv thov sib nqus shielding.
Hom Qib
C70600 (70-30 Cu-Ni)Cu 63-67%, Ni 9-11%, Zn tshuav nyiaj li cas, dav siv hauv marine thiab ntug hiav txwv infrastructure.
C71500 (60-40 Cu-Ni)Cu 68-72%, Ni 28-32%, txhim kho corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv huab ib puag ncig.
Cov ntawv thov kev lag luam
Marine engineering: Thaum tshav kub kub exchangers, nkoj hulls, propeller shafts, thiab offshore platform pipelines.
Kev lag luam roj & roj: Cov khoom siv hauv lub taub dej, cov kav dej, thiab cov khoom siv tho (tiv taus rau qaub roj corrosion).
Kev ua tshuaj lom neeg: Reactors, twj, thiab fittings tuav corrosive kua (acids, alkalis).
Hluav taws xob engineering: High -kub hluav taws xob connectors thiab sib nqus shielding Cheebtsam.
