Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias thiab kub ua haujlwm ntawm cov tooj liab ntshiab?
Cov tooj liab ntshiab muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv hauv kev tsim, microstructure, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab kev siv tau zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias thiab kub ua haujlwm. Cov kev sib txawv no tshwm sim los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, deformation mechanism, thiab microstructural evolution koom nrog hauv txhua txoj kev. Hauv qab no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws sib piv.
Kub ua hauj lwm yog hais txog cov yas deformation ua nyob rau ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj qhov recrystallization kub ntawm cov tooj liab ntshiab, feem ntau siab dua 300℃-400 degree. Nyob rau hauv xws li kub, tooj liab muaj ductility siab heev thiab tsis tshua muaj deformation kuj.
Dislocations generated thaum lub sij hawm deformation yuav raug tshem tawm sai heev los ntawm dynamic rov qab thiab recrystallization, tiv thaiv kev ua hauj lwm tseem ceeb hardening. Yog li ntawd, cov yas deformation loj tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv ib qho dhau los, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev sib sau ntxhib thiab loj - nplai deformation txheej txheem. Cov txheej txheem kub ua haujlwm rau cov tooj liab ntshiab muaj xws li kub dov, kub extrusion, thiab kub forging. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm kub, kev loj hlob ntawm cov nplej yuav tshwm sim yog tias qhov kub thiab txias dhau los yog tuav lub sijhawm ntev dhau, ua rau cov nplej me ntsis coarser thiab qis zog piv rau txias - ua haujlwm tooj liab. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua haujlwm kub ua haujlwm zoo ua rau cov qauv cam khwb cia, txo qhov porosity, thiab txhim kho cov suab nrov thiab homogeneity. Nws yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm kev tsim khoom los hloov cam khwb cia ingots rau hauv ib nrab -cov khoom tiav xws li daim hlau, pas nrig, raj, thiab tuav.
Kev ua haujlwm txias yog ua nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub lossis qis dua qhov kub ntawm cov tooj liab ntshiab recrystallization. Txawm hais tias cov tooj liab ntshiab muaj chav zoo -kub ductility, deformation ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ua rau mob siab rau dislocation multiplication thiab tsub zuj zuj, uas ua rau cov hauj lwm tseem ceeb hardening. Nrog nce deformation, lub zog thiab hardness nce sharply, thaum ductility thiab toughness txo.
Cov yam ntxwv no tso cai rau kev ua haujlwm txias kom tswj tau qhov ntev thiab qhov zoo. Cov khoom muaj qhov chaw du, siab qhov tseeb, thiab tswj tau lub zog. Cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm txias xws li txias dov, kos duab txias, stamping, thiab khoov. Vim kev ua hauj lwm hardening, ntau deformation tuaj yeem ua rau tawg, yog li qhov nruab nrab annealing feem ntau yuav tsum tau rov qab ductility. Txias- ua haujlwm tooj liab ntshiab muaj qhov ncab, fibrous microstructure thiab nyiam kev taw qhia, uas txhim kho nws lub zog thiab hardness rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau qhov siab precision thiab lub zog txhua yam.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub cev thiab mechanical zog, kub- ua hauj lwm ntshiab tooj liab nta tsis tshua muaj hardness, nruab nrab lub zog, siab ductility, thiab zoo heev hluav taws xob conductivity. Nws yog haum rau cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau zoo formability thiab conductivity. Txias- ua hauj lwm tooj liab muaj zog dua hardness thiab tensile zog, nrog txo elongation tab sis zoo heev dimension stability. Nws cov hluav taws xob conductivity qis dua qhov kub ntawm - ua hauj lwm los yog annealed tooj liab vim yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov lattice los ntawm dislocations, tab sis tseem ua tau raws li feem ntau cov ntawv thov hluav taws xob.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw kuj txawv heev. Kub ua hauj lwm tej zaum yuav tawm oxide nplai thiab kuj ntxhib nto, yuav tsum tau tom qab pickling los yog machining. Kev ua haujlwm txias muab qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua tiav thiab nruj qhov ntev, haum rau qhov kawg -theem precision sib sau.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, kub ua hauj lwm ntawm cov ntshiab tooj liab yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm tsis tshua muaj deformation tsis kam, siab deformability, dynamic recrystallization, thiab txhim kho cov qauv sab hauv, feem ntau yog siv rau thawj txoj kev. Kev ua haujlwm txias yog ua los ntawm kev ua haujlwm hardening, siab precision, zoo nto zoo, thiab adjustable zog, siv rau precision forming thiab kev ua tau zoo. Qhov tsim nyog sib piv ntawm kev ua haujlwm kub, kev ua haujlwm txias, thiab cov txheej txheem annealing ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov khoom siv tooj liab zoo rau kev lag luam xws li hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob, tshuab, thiab kev sib pauv cua sov.
