Puas yog titanium yog super alloy?
qhia
Cov qauv tsim khoom niaj hnub no xav tau heev. Cov kws tsim qauv thiab cov kws tsim qauv tau raug nug kom ua tau raws li kev lag luam raws li kev ua tau zoo, kev ua haujlwm ntev, kev ruaj khov thiab kev ua kom zoo dua. Kev tsim khoom lag luam yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm kev txhim kho tas li. Cov qauv tsim tshiab, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab cov khoom siv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim kho tshiab.
Qee qhov kev lag luam tuaj yeem xav tau tshwj xeeb, xws li kev lag luam aerospace. Aerospace cov khoom lag luam raug mob hnyav thaum lawv lub neej ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem thiab cov khoom siv niaj hnub tsis txaus kom ua tau raws li cov qauv kev lag luam: yog vim li cas aerospace engineers siv cov khoom xws li superalloys.
Qhov kub kub alloys yog dab tsi?
Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, superalloys yog cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj kev ua tau zoo heev. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm superalloys yog cov kav ntev, tsis tshua muaj zog txhua yam, thermoelasticity thiab lub neej ntev. Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm superalloys yog lawv lub peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub siab melting. Tag nrho cov khoom saum toj no ua rau superalloys tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam aerospace.
Thawj lub tswv yim los tsim cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm hauv huab cua huab cua tshwm sim los ntawm kev xav tsim lub dav hlau uas tuaj yeem coj peb siab dua thiab sai dua. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm superalloys yog ze ze rau kev nthuav dav sai ntawm kev lag luam aerospace tom qab Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II.
Hom kub kub alloys
Muaj ntau hom kub kub alloys siv hauv kev lag luam aerospace. Ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv variants yog titanium-based superalloy. Ntshiab titanium muaj qhov ntom ntom, siab zog thiab siab corrosion kuj. Tsis tas li ntawd, titanium yog tib yam khoom uas hlawv nrog nitrogen. Titanium muaj zog npaum li cov hlau tab sis hnyav yuav luag ib nrab li ntau. Cov khoom no ib leeg ua rau nws yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev lag luam aerospace, qhov twg qhov hnyav / lub zog piv yog qhov tseem ceeb. Titanium yog tov nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv cov proportions tshwj xeeb los txhim kho nws cov khoom zoo heev.
Ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv titanium-raws li alloys yog Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Ntxiv nrog rau titanium, nws kuj tseem muaj txhuas thiab vanadium thiab feem ntau yog siv rau hauv chav ua noj thav ntawv, lub thawv tis thiab cov khoom sib txuas hauv cov dav hlau ua lag luam. Cov alloy muaj qhov sib npaug zoo ntawm cov khoom xws li lub zog, ductility, tawg toughness, siab kub zog, creep zog, weldability, processability thiab kub workability. Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo alloy yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tsim tawm hauv ib nrab xyoo 1960. Nws qhov kub tsis kam tiv taus yog li 450 degree. Cov hlau no feem ntau siv hauv compressor disks qhov twg 500 degree yog qhov ntsuas kub siab. Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Cr-4Mo alloy, qee zaum hu ua "Ti17" alloy, yog cov alloy tsim nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Meskas hauv Xyoo 1970s uas muaj lub zog siab thiab zoo heev tawg toughness. Nws qhov kub tsis kam tiv taus yog li 350 degree. Hauv kev lag luam dav hlau cav, kiv cua thiab ncej yog ua nyob rau hauv ib thooj los txo lub cav hnyav. Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws hardenability, siab zog thiab siab qaug zog, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau kev tsaws iav.
Ntxiv nrog rau titanium-raws li alloys, ferroalloys yog lwm chav kawm ntawm alloys feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev lag luam, suav nrog aerospace thiab tub rog. Qhov tseem ceeb, ferroalloys yog cov alloys uas feem ntau yog hlau. Qee qhov feem ntau siv hlau-raws li alloys yog stainless hlau, cam khwb cia hlau, thiab siab carbon steel. Ferrous alloys feem ntau pom muaj qhov sib npaug zoo ntawm cov khoom, nrog rau cov cua sov thiab corrosion kuj, durability, lub zog thiab thermoelasticity. Txawm hais tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem nthuav tawm cov khoom zoo ntawm titanium-based superalloys lossis lwm yam kub kub, lawv qhov yooj yim ntawm kev sib xyaw thiab cov nqi-zoo ua rau lawv tsis muaj nqis.
Lwm chav kawm tseem ceeb ntawm alloys rau aerospace thiab tub rog kev lag luam yog aluminium alloys. Qhov hnyav-rau-lub zog piv ntawm raw aluminium yog twb impressive ntawm nws tus kheej. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov ntsiab lus alloying xws li tooj liab, magnesium, manganese, silicon, tin, npib tsib xee thiab zinc txhim kho cov khoom no, ua rau txhuas alloys zoo meej rau kev siv tub rog thiab aerospace. Lub 7xxx series ntawm txhuas alloys yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv aerospace daim ntaub ntawv. Lub ntsiab alloying nyob rau hauv 7xxx series yog zinc, ua rau cov chav kawm ntawv no muaj zog aluminium alloys. Lub 7xxx series alloys muaj qhov muaj zog tshaj 500 MPa. Feem ntau 7xxx alloys yog Al-Zn-Mg-Cu thiab Al-Li-Cu-Mg.
