Vim li cas Incoloy 27-7MO seamless yeeb nkab nyiam rau cov dej hiav txwv huab cua thiab cov tshuaj chloride siab?

1. Q: Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib xyaw thiab cov khoom sib txawv ntawm Incoloy 27-7MO thiab A-286 alloy kav?

A:Incoloy 27-7MO thiab A-286 yog ob qho tib si siab- kev ua tau zoo alloys, tab sis lawv ua haujlwm sib txawv hauv kev siv-ib qho yog super- austenitic stainless hlau rau aqueous corrosion, thaum lwm qhov yog nag lossis daus- ua kom muaj zog hlau-puag superalloy rau siab zog.

Incoloy 27-7MO (UNS S31277)yog ib qho super-austenitic stainless hlau tsim los rau huab cua corrosion kuj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv dej hiav txwv thiab txhoj puab heev chloride ib puag ncig. Nws cov nominal muaj pes tsawg leeg yog 27-29% nickel, 20-22% chromium, 6.0-7.0% molybdenum, 1.5-2.5% tooj liab, 0.25-0.35% nitrogen, thiab sib npaug hlau. Lub npe "27-7" yog hais txog kwv yees li 27% npib tsib xee thiab 7% molybdenum. Cov hlau no muaj cov molybdenum siab heev (6–7%) thiab siab nitrogen (0.25–0.35%), muab nws qhov tshwj xeeb siab pitting tsis kam sib npaug tus lej (PREN) ntawm 50–55-ib qho siab tshaj ntawm cov khoom lag luam muaj austenitic stainless hlau. Cov ntsiab lus siab npib tsib xee (27-29%) muab cov tshuaj chloride kev nyuaj siab corrosion cracking kuj. Incoloy 27-7MO yog cov kev daws teeb meem muaj zog nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm 50-65 ksi (345-448 MPa) ntawm chav tsev kub, siab dua tus qauv austenitics vim nitrogen ntxiv dag zog. Nws tsis yog tsim los rau kev pabcuam kub siab tshaj li ntawm 600℃F (316 degree).

A-286 (UAS S66286)yog hlau- puag superalloy ntxiv dag zog los ntawm nag lossis daus hardening. Nws cov nominal muaj pes tsawg leeg yog 24-27% npib tsib xee, 13.5-16.0% chromium, 1.0-1.5% molybdenum, 1.9-2.35% titanium, 0.1-0.5% aluminium, 0.003-0.01% boron, 0.1-0.5% vanillium, thiab 0.1-0.5% boron. Nco ntsoov muaj cov titanium, txhuas, thiab boron-cov ntsiab lus no ua rau nag lossis daus los ntawm kev tsim cov gamma{18}}prime (Ni₃(Al, Ti)) particles. A-286 tsis yog stainless hlau; Nws yog ib qho superalloy tsim los rau qhov kub thiab txias zog thiab oxidation tsis kam mus txog li 1300℃F (704 degree). Cov txiaj ntsig zoo tom qab kev kho cua sov yog 90-110 ksi (621-758 MPa) ntawm chav tsev kub, poob rau 70-80 ksi ntawm 1200℃F (649 degree). Cov hlau kuj tseem muaj cov chromium tsawg dua (13.5-16%) dua li Incoloy 27-7MO, ua rau nws tsis tshua muaj kev tiv thaiv aqueous corrosion.

Metallurgical cuam tshuam:Incoloy 27-7MO yog tsim los rauntub, qis- mus rau- kub nruab nrab (txog 600℃F / 316 degree) aqueous corrosion kev pab cuamnyob rau hauv seawater, tshuaj ua, thiab flue gas desulfurization. Nws tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb siab - kub lub zog lossis oxidation tsis kam. A-286 yog tsim los rausiab -kev pabcuam kub (txog 1300℃F / 704 degree) nrog rau cov kev xav tau siab zoghauv aerospace, roj turbine, thiab kev siv tsheb. Nws tsuas muaj qhov nruab nrab aqueous corrosion kuj thiab yuav pit thiab corrode hauv seawater.

Xaiv ntawm lawv:Yog tias daim ntawv thov koom nrogdej hiav txwv, brine, los yog acidic chlorides nyob rau hauv nruab nrab kub nrog me ntsis zog yuav tsum tau, xaiv Incoloy 27-7MO. Yog tias daim ntawv thov koom nrogKub kub (1000-1300℃F / 538-704 degree) yuav tsum tau muaj zog thiab oxidation tsis kam, xaiv A-286. Muaj qhov sib tshooj tsawg kawg hauv lawv lub hnab ntawv pabcuam.

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2. Q: Cov qauv kev lag luam twg thiab cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb tswj hwm Incoloy 27-7MO thiab A-286 alloy seamless kav?

A:Ob lub alloys no yog tswj hwm los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb sib txawv kiag li -marine / tshuaj rau 27-7MO, thiab aerospace / gas turbine rau A-286.

Rau Incoloy 27-7MO seamless yeeb nkab:

ASTM B677 / ASME SB677 Cov khoom siv- Txuj kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau seamless npib tsib xee-hlau-chromium-molybdenum- tooj liab-nitrogen alloy yeeb nkab. Qhov no yog thawj qhov tshwj xeeb rau UNS S31277 thiab cov qib zoo sib xws super- austenitic.

ASTM B829 Cov khoom lag luam- Cov kev cai dav dav rau nickel alloy seamless yeeb nkab (ntxiv rau B677).

NWS M-630- Norwegian roj thiab roj tus qauv uas suav nrog 27-7MO rau seawater thiab brine kev pabcuam.

ASME Boiler thiab Pressure Vessel Code Tshooj II, Ntu D- Muab cov txiaj ntsig kev ntxhov siab tso cai rau S31277 ntawm qhov kub txog li 600℃F (316 degree).

Rau A-286 seamless yeeb nkab:

ASTM A453 / ASME SA453 Cov Lus Qhia- Cov qauv tshwj xeeb rau siab - cov khoom siv kub hnyiab, tab sis feem ntau txuas mus rau cov yeeb nkab thiab raj nrog cov kev xav tau ntxiv. Qib A, Chav B lossis C (nyob ntawm kev kho cua sov) npog A-286.

TIAB SA 5731- Aerospace Khoom Specification rau A-286 seamless tubing, kho kho thiab nag lossis daus hardened. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws rau A-286 yeeb nkab / raj hauv kev siv aerospace.

TIAB SA 5732- Zoo ib yam li 5731 tab sis rau qis hardness thiab txhim kho machinability.

ASTM B983 Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob(qee zaum hais txog) - nag lossis daus-nickel hardening-hlau-chromium alloy yeeb nkab, txawm tias A-286 tsis tshua muaj cov yeeb nkab ntau dua li bar lossis forging.

ASME Boiler thiab Pressure Vessel Code Tshooj II, Ntu D- Muab cov txiaj ntsig kev ntxhov siab tso cai rau A-286 (UNS S66286) ntawm qhov kub txog li 1300℃F (704 degree).

Kev xav txog kev yuav khoom:Incoloy 27-7MO seamless yeeb nkab yog qib tshwj xeeb nrog cov khoom siv zeb tsawg; cia siab tias lub sij hawm txhuas ntawm 12-18 lub lis piam. A-286 seamless yeeb nkab kuj yog cov khoom tshwj xeeb, feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev cai txiav txim nrog txhuas lub sij hawm ntawm 12-20 lub lis piam. Rau A-286, cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum tau qhia txog qhov xav tau kev kho cua sov (kev daws teeb meem thiab hnub nyoog), thiab rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb, kev ntsuas kub siab tensile ib qho AMS specifications yuav tsum tau.

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3. Q: Vim li cas Incoloy 27-7MO seamless yeeb nkab zoo dua rau cov dej hiav txwv huab cua thiab cov chloride siab?

A:Incoloy 27-7MO seamless yeeb nkab sawv cev rau qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm pitting thiab crevice corrosion kuj muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug austenitic stainless hlau, ua rau nws cov khoom ntawm kev xaiv rau feem ntau xav tau seawater thiab brine kev pab cuam daim ntaub ntawv. Peb tus yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb piav qhia nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws.

Ua ntej, tshwj xeeb siab pitting kuj sib npaug tus lej (PREN).PREN yog xam li %Cr + 3.3×%Mo + 16×%N. Rau Incoloy 27-7MO:

Chromium: 20-22%

Molybdenum: 6.0-7.0%

Nitrogen: 0.25 - 0.35% cov ntsiab lus

Qhov no yields PREN ntawm kwv yees li 50-55. Los ntawm kev sib piv:

316L stainless hlau: PREN ∼24-26

Duplex 2205: PREN ∼35–38

Incoloy 825: PREN ∼30–33

Incoloy 926 (6% Mo): PREN ∼40–45

A PREN saum toj 40 yog suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev pabcuam dej hiav txwv. A PREN saum toj 50 yog qhov tshwj xeeb. Incoloy 27-7MO tiv taus pitting thiab crevice corrosion nyob rau hauv dej hiav txwv ntawm qhov kub txog li ntawm 180-200℃F (82-93 degree)-zoo tshaj qhov dej hiav txwv kub. Qhov no ua rau nws tsim nyog rau cov dej hiav txwv txias hauv cov huab cua sov, nrog rau cov brine concentrators thiab high-temperature brackish water applications qhov twg lwm 6% Mo alloys tseem yuav muaj kev tawm tsam hauv zos.

Qhov thib ob, zoo heev tiv thaiv chloride kev nyuaj siab corrosion cracking (SCC).Nrog 27–29% npib tsib xee, Incoloy 27-7MO muaj cov ntsiab lus nickel ntau dua li cov qib super-austenitic (Incoloy 926 muaj 24–26% Ni). Cov ntsiab lus nickel siab dua muab cov npoo ntau dua ntawm kev nyab xeeb tiv thaiv chloride SCC. Lub alloy resists SCC thoob plaws txhua qhov kub thiab txias tau ntsib hauv cov kev pabcuam aqueous, suav nrog hauv cov roj ntsha uas muaj kuab paug, chav condensate nrog cov tshuaj chloride nqa, thiab marine atmospheric tej yam kev mob nrog ntsev tsuag.

Thib peb, siab zog dua li tus qauv 6% Mo alloys.Cov ntsiab lus siab nitrogen (0.25–0.35%) muab cov tshuaj muaj zog ntxiv, muab Incoloy 27-7MO cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm 50–65 ksi (345–448 MPa)-kwv yees li 30–40% siab dua tus qauv 6% Mo alloys (uas feem ntau 5si 5ksi). Lub zog siab dua no tso cai rau cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa nyias nyias, txo qhov hnyav thiab tus nqi hauv qee qhov kev siv.

Kev sib piv:Hauv dej hiav txwv thim rov qab osmosis (SWRO) desalination cog siab -siab brine ntws ntawm 160℃F (71 degree) nrog 70,000 ppm chlorides:

Duplex 2205 muaj kev txhim kho corrosion hauv 6-12 lub hlis

Incoloy 926 (6% Mo) tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob 2-3 xyoos tab sis pitting pib ntawm gaskets

Incoloy 27-7MO muab 10+ xyoo kev pab cuam uas tsis muaj pitting

Tej kev siv:Seawater thim rov qab osmosis (SWRO) siab- siab piping, brine concentrators, offshore platform firewater systems (tropical qhov chaw), seawater cooling systems nyob rau hauv fais fab nroj tsuag (ib zaug-los ntawm thiab recirculating), tshuaj tanker cargo kab tuav aggressive brines, thiab tshuaj reactor systems yuav tsum tau ntau tshaj chloride resistance.

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4. Q: Vim li cas A-286 alloy yeeb nkab siv hauv aerospace thiab roj turbine daim ntawv thov txawm tias nws cov ntsiab lus chromium nruab nrab?

A:A-286 alloy yeeb nkab tau ua cov khoom siv ua haujlwm hauv aerospace, roj turbine, thiab kev siv tsheb turbocharger txij li xyoo 1950 vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb ua ke ntawmsiab -kub lub zog, fabricability, thiab nqi-effectiveness. Peb tus yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb piav qhia nws qhov muaj koob meej nyob mus ib txhis.

Ua ntej, nag lossis daus - hardened zog mus txog 1300℃F (704℃).Los ntawm kev tswj ob-kauj ruam kev kho cua sov (kev daws teeb meem ntawm 1800℃F / 982℃ua raws li kev laus ntawm 1325℃F / 718℃thiab 1150℃F / 621 degree), A-286 txhim kho zoo dispersion ntawm gamma{{22}₃) preme (Nciates. Cov precipitates no coherent nrog lub austenitic matrix, muab ntau zog ntxiv yam tsis muaj embrittlement. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws yog 90-110 ksi (621-758 MPa) ntawm chav tsev kub, thiab qhov tseem ceeb, cov hlau khaws cia 70-80% ntawm lub zog no ntawm 1200℃F (649℃). Qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke no tsis sib haum los ntawm cov qauv austenitic stainless hlau (uas soften sai dua 1000℃F / 538 degree) thiab sib tw nrog cov nickel-based superalloys kim dua li Inconel 718 ntawm qhov kub hauv qab 1300℃F.

Thib ob, zoo oxidation tsis kam rau nws qib chromium.Nrog tsuas yog 13.5-16% chromium, A{15}}286 yuav tsis raug xaiv rau kev pabcuam oxidation heev. Txawm li cas los xij, rau qhov kub txog li 1300℃F (704 degree), qhov chromium qib no tsim nyog los tsim kev tiv thaiv chromium oxide nplai. Cov hlau kuj tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev ntxiv me me ntawm txhuas (0.1-0.5%), uas ntxiv dag zog rau oxidation tsis kam. Nyob rau hauv cov pa roj turbine compressor tso piping (feem ntau 800-1200℃F / 427-649 degree), A-286 muab kev pabcuam zoo heev uas tsis tas yuav muaj ntau dua-chromium (thiab kim dua) alloys.

Thib peb, zoo heev fabricability thiab weldability.Tsis zoo li ntau nag lossis daus -cov khoom hnyav superalloys uas nquag ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab- hnub nyoog tawg, A-286 tuaj yeem welded hauv cov tshuaj-annealed mob thiab tom qab hnub nyoog. Lub alloy qhov qis hardenability piv rau npib tsib xee-based superalloys ua rau nws zam ntau dua thaum vuam thiab sib sau. Qhov no tau ua rau nws nyiam rau cov khoom tsim xws li tso pa tawm, turbocharger vaj tse, thiab dav hlau cav compressor rooj plaub. Cov hlau kuj tseem siv tau zoo nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus, tab sis cov cuab yeej hnav yog siab dua rau cov qauv stainless hlau.

Kev sib piv kev ua tau zoo hauv kev siv turbocharger:Nyob rau hauv lub diesel cav turbocharger khiav hauj lwm ntawm 1250℃F (677 degree) nrog cyclic thermal loading:

304H stainless hlau: lub zog tsis txaus, creep deformation ua rau vaj tse distortion nyob rau hauv 1-2 xyoo

Inconel 718: kev ua tau zoo heev tab sis tus nqi siab (3-5 × A-286) thiab nyuaj rau kev tsim

A-286: muab 5-8 xyoo kev pabcuam ntawm tus nqi kwv yees li 1.5-2 × ntawm 304H

Tej kev siv:Dav hlau cav compressor rooj plaub thiab los ntshav cua ducting, roj turbine compressor tso piping, diesel cav turbocharger vaj tse thiab turbine log, automotive tso li qub thiab manifolds (siab-kev ua tau zoo), aerospace fasteners thiab bolts (ASTM A453 Qib A), thiab chav turbine.

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5. Q: Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm vuam thiab kev kho cua sov rau Incoloy 27-7MO piv rau A-286 alloy kav?

A:Vuam ob lub alloys yuav tsum muaj kev sib txawv hauv kev sib txawv -Incoloy 27-7MO yog cov khoom zoo- kev daws teeb meem nrog kev sib txuas zoo (nrog kev ceev faj kom muaj pitting tsis kam), thaum A-286 yog nag lossis daus thiab yuav tsum muaj kev laus tom qab vuam kom ua tiav lub zog.

Rau Incoloy 27-7MO yeeb nkab (super-austenitic, solid-solution):

Filler hlau xaiv:SivERNiCrMo-3(Inconel 625) los yogERNiCrMo-10(Inconel 622) raws li tus qauv muab tub lim. Cov muab tub lim yuav tsum sib phim lossis tshaj lub hauv paus hlau cov ntsiab lus molybdenum (6-7%) kom tswj pitting tsis kam.ERNiCrMo-4(C-276) kuj txais tau. Tsis txhob siv stainless hlau fillers (308L, 316L) - lawv tsim cov galvanic corrosion cell thiab tsis muaj molybdenum.

Kub input tswj:Qhov siab tshaj qhov sib cuam tshuam: 250℃F (121 degree). Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qis rau 20-40 kJ / nti (8-16 kJ / cm). Kev siv hluav taws xob ntau dua tuaj yeem ua rau molybdenum- nplua nuj theem nag lossis daus (sigma lossis chi theem) uas txo qis pitting tsis kam los ntawm 50% lossis ntau dua. Siv stringer hlaws dai es tsis yog weaving.

Ua ntej-welding tu:Ntxuav nrog acetone los yog tshwj xeeb stainless hlau txhuam. Siv cov log sib tsoo tshwj tseg rau cov nickel alloys. Tshem tawm tag nrho cov pa roj carbon monoxide - cov khoom siv hlau yuav xeb thiab pib pitting.

Tshaj tawm -weld kev kho cua sov (feem ntau tsis tas yuav tsum tau):Rau feem ntau daim ntawv thov, Incoloy 27-7MO yog siv nyob rau hauv raws li-welded mob. Rau qhov siab tshaj plaws corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hnyav (xws li, dej hiav txwv sov nrog rau cov mob stagnant), ib qho tshuaj anneal ntawm 1950-2050℃F (1066-1121 degree) ua raws li cov dej ceev ceev rov qab ua kom puv pitting tsis kam. Qhov no tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim ntawm cov yeeb nkab vim muaj kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam.

Rau A-286 yeeb nkab (tej dej nag-hardening):

Filler hlau xaiv:SivA-286 sib phim muab tub lim(feem ntau hu ua ERNiCrFe-? lossis tus tswv). Qhov muab tub lim no muaj titanium thiab txhuas kom tso cai los nag lossis daus hauv cov khoom siv vuam. Tsis txhob siv cov txheej txheem stainless hlau muab tub lim lossis cov khoom siv nickel zoo li ERNiCr-3-lawv yuav tsis ua tiav qhov yuav tsum tau muaj lub zog kub.

Kub input tswj:Qhov siab tshaj qhov sib cuam tshuam: 200℃F (93 degree). Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qis qis rau 15-30 kJ / nti (6-12 kJ / cm). Cov tswv yim cua sov qis txo qis qhov dav ntawm cov cua sov- thaj chaw cuam tshuam thiab txo cov kev ntxhov siab seem.

Ua ntej-weld condition:Ib txwm weld nyob rau hauv qhov kev daws teeb meem -annealed (mos) mob-tsis nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog. Welding aged material ua strain-muaj hnub nyoog tawg nyob rau hauv tshav kub- cuam tshuam cheeb tsam.

Tom qab-weld kev kho cua sov yog tsim nyog rau kev pab cuam ntawm tag nrho lub zog:

Kev daws teeb meem(yog tias xav tau tom qab vuam): 1800℃F (982 degree) rau 1 teev ib nti tuab, ua raws li cua txias (cua lossis roj quench)

Kev laus kev kho mob:Kub rau 1325℃F (718 degree), tuav 16 teev, rauv txias rau 1150℃F (621 degree) ntawm qhov siab tshaj 200℃F (93 degree) / teev, tuav 16 teev, ces cua txias

Yog tsis muaj kev tshaj tawm -weld aging, lub vuam sib koom ua ke tsuas muaj 40–50 ksi (276–345 MPa) yield zog- tsis txaus rau aerospace lossis roj turbine kev pabcuam yuav tsum tau 90+ ksi.

Cov lus ceeb toom tseem ceeb:

Rau Incoloy 27-7MO:Tsis txhob siv stainless hlau muab tub lim-lawv tsis muaj molybdenum thiab yuav tsim kom muaj corrosion{1}} thaj tsam weld. Tsis txhob overheat -sigma theem tsim yog irreversible tsis muaj tag nrho cov tshuaj annealing. Tsis txhob siv cov khoom sib tsoo sib kis-cov pa roj carbon steel uas ua rau pitting.

Rau A-286:Tsis txhob welded yam tsis muaj cov txheej txheem tsim nyog. Tsis txhob welded nyob rau hauv cov laus mob. Tsis txhob hla tus ncej-weld aging rau siab-muaj lossis siab- qhov kub thiab txias. Lub alloy qhov rhiab heev rau strain- hnub nyoog tawg yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum tshav kub kub kho tus nqi tswj. Cov ntsiab lus boron (0.003–0.01%) txhim kho kev nkag siab zoo tab sis ua kom kub tawg yooj yim dua- tswj cov cua sov kom zoo.

Cov kev cai tsim nyog:

Rau Incoloy 27-7MO hauv seawater service, vuam txheej txheem tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj xws li pitting corrosion testing per ASTM G48 (ferric chloride) ntawm qhov kub siab (feem ntau 104℃F / 40 degree) kom paub tseeb tias cov vuam thiab cua sov- cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam tswj kev ua haujlwm PREN-sib npaug

Rau A-286 hauv aerospace lossis roj turbine kev pabcuam, cov txheej txheem vuam tsim nyog yuav tsum suav nrog kev ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub siab ({2}} ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub xav tau) thiab, rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb, kev ntsuas kev sib tsoo. AMS specifications feem ntau xav tau 100% radiographic tshuaj xyuas ntawm tag nrho cov welds.