1. Q: Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm Nickel Alloy UNS N02201 phaj thiab nws cov khoom sib xws Nickel 200 (UNS N02200), thiab vim li cas qhov kev sib txawv no tseem ceeb rau kev khaws thiab kho saum npoo?
A:Qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm Nickel 201 (UNS N02201) thiab Nickel 200 (UNS N02200) yog nyob rau hauv lawv cov ntsiab lus carbon-ib qho kev sib txawv me me uas muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv cov ntawv thov uas muaj kev vuam, nce - thiab kev kho qhov kub thiab txias.
Nickel 200muaj cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj plaws ntawm 0.15%, thaumNickel 201yog qhov tsawg- carbon variant nrog cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj plaws ntawm 0.02%. Qhov kev txo qis hauv carbon ncaj qha hais txog qhov tshwm sim ntawmgraphitization- nag lossis daus ntawm carbon li graphite ntawm cov ciam teb thaum cov khoom raug kub hnyiab ntawm thaj tsam li ntawm 315 ° C txog 760 ° C (600 ° F txog 1400 ° F) rau lub sijhawm ntev. Hauv Nickel 200, qhov graphitization no ua rau embrittlement thiab poob tseem ceeb hauv ductility thiab cuam tshuam tsis kam. Nickel 201, nrog nws cov ultra- cov ntsiab lus carbon tsawg, tshem tawm qhov kev pheej hmoo no zoo.
Vim li cas qhov no tseem ceeb rau pickling thiab kho qhov chaw:Cov ntsiab lus carbon tseem cuam tshuam li cas cov khoom teb rau cov txheej txheem kho saum npoo. Thaum lub sij hawm pickling -ib qho kua qaub- siv tshuaj kho mob los tshem tawm cov oxides thiab nplais - qhov sib xws ntawm cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg cuam tshuam rau qhov sib xws ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pickling. Nickel 201 ntau homogeneous, qis-carbon microstructure tso cai rau kev txiav txim siab ntau dua thiab zoo ib yam kev tshem tawm piv rau Nickel 200, uas tej zaum yuav muaj cov pa roj carbon monoxide hauv zos- nplua nuj thaj chaw uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw reactivity. Rau cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau vuam tom ntej lossis siab - qhov kub thiab txias, kev xaiv ntawm Nickel 201 tshaj Nickel 200 yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom deg deg -thiab cov khoom siv hauv qab nws- khaws nws cov qauv kev ncaj ncees thoob plaws hauv cov khoom siv lub neej.
2. Q: Cov txheej txheem tswj hwm dab tsi siv rau Nickel Alloy UNS N02201 pickling phaj, thiab cov kev cai tshwj xeeb dab tsi ua rau cov khoom siv phaj?
A:Nickel Alloy UNS N02201 phaj, ntawv, thiab sawb yog tswj hwm los ntawmASTM B 162, tus qauv specification rau dov nickel thiab qis -carbon npib tsib xee phaj, ntawv, thiab sawb
. Tus qauv no tsim cov kev cai tseem ceeb uas cov tuam txhab tsim khoom yuav tsum ua kom ntseeg tau cov khoom zoo, sib xws, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo rau kev pabcuam.
Scope ntawm ASTM B162:Tus qauv npog ob qho tib si Nickel 200 (UNS N02200) thiab qis -carbon Nickel 201 (UNS N02201) cov khoom hauv phaj, ntawv, thiab daim ntawv strip. Nws qhia meej txog qhov yuav tsum tau muaj rau cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, qhov ntev, kev kam rau siab, thiab cov txheej txheem kuaj.
Chemical Composition Requirements:Rau UNS N02201, ASTM B162 tswj hwm cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj plaws ntawm 0.02%, nrog rau cov nickel ntxiv rau cobalt cov ntsiab lus ntawm 99.0% yam tsawg kawg nkaus. Lwm cov khoom yog tswj nruj me ntsis: hlau (0.40% max), manganese (0.35% max), silicon (0.35% max), sulfur (0.01% max), thiab tooj liab (0.25% max).
Mechanical Property Requirements:Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej annealed- qhov kev npau taws ib txwm rau pickling phaj-ASTM B162 xav tau:
Tensile zog:Yam tsawg kawg 55 ksi (380 MPa) rau thicknesses txog tej yam kev txwv; 50 ksi (345 MPa) rau cov ntu tuab
Yield zog (0.2% offset):Yam tsawg kawg nkaus 15 ksi (105 MPa) rau nyias qhov ntsuas; 12 ksi (83 MPa) rau cov ntu tuab
Elongation:Yam tsawg kawg 35% mus rau 40% nyob ntawm thickness, xav txog cov khoom zoo heev ductility
Cov Khoom Siv:Cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm cov phaj (feem ntau yog tuab dua 3/16 nti / 5 hli), daim ntawv (cov khoom siv thinner), thiab sawb (cov khoom nqaim, dov). Rau daim ntawv thov pickling - qhov twg cov khoom yuav raug kho cov tshuaj deg- cov khoom yog feem ntau muab nyob rau hauv lub annealed thiab pickled mob, txhais tau tias lub zeb twb tau ua tus thawj descaling los muab ib tug huv si, corrosion-resistant nto npaj rau fabrication
3. Q: Vim li cas thiaj xaiv cov txheej txheem kho saum npoo tseem ceeb rau Nickel Alloy UNS N02201 phaj, thiab cov khoom siv no cuam tshuam dab tsi thaum lub sij hawm pickling piv rau austenitic stainless hlau?
A:Pickling yog txheej txheem kev kho saum npoo tseem ceeb rau Nickel Alloy UNS N02201 phaj vim tias nws tshem tawm cov nplai oxide thiab cov kab mob saum npoo uas tsim thaum kub dov thiab ua haujlwm annealing. Txawm li cas los xij, cov chaw lag luam tau sau tseg tiasdescaling ntawm Nickel 201 yog qhov nyuaj me ntsis hauv kev sib piv nrog Hom 304 stainless hlau. Kev nkag siab txog cov laj thawj ntawm qhov nyuaj no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov processors thiab fabricators.
Yog vim li cas pickling yog tsim nyog:Thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem, Nickel 201 phaj yog raug rau siab -kub annealing (feem ntau ntawm 760 ° C thiab 1050 ° C / 1400 ° F mus rau 1920 ° F) kom ua tiav cov khoom xav tau. Qhov siab tshaj - qhov kub thiab txias no ua rau muaj kev ua kom muaj zog oxide nplai ntawm cov khoom siv. Yog tias nyob hauv qhov chaw, qhov ntsuas no tuaj yeem:
cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm vuam tom ntej
Txhim kho corrosion kuj
Tsim cov irregularities uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo hauv cov khoom siv tshuaj
Inhibit kom raug adhesion ntawm coatings los yog ntxiv kev kho deg
Pickling cov nyom tshwj xeeb rau Nickel 201:Qhov nyuaj ntawm pickling Nickel 201 piv rau Hom 304 stainless hlau stems los ntawm ntau yam:
Oxide muaj pes tsawg leeg:Cov nplai oxide tsim los ntawm cov npib tsib xee ntshiab muaj cov tshuaj sib txawv thiab cov qauv ntau dua li cov chromium oxide nplai ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj steel, xav tau cov kua qaub sib txawv thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm.
Tsawg reactivity:Nickel nws tus kheej yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua (tsawg dua reactive) dua li hlau, txhais tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov kua qaub thiab cov hlau hauv paus pib qeeb dua. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tswj kom tsis txhob muaj nyob rau hauv -pickling (kev tshem tawm tsis tiav) lossis dhau -pickling (hloov ntau dhau).
Contaminant rhiab heev:Qhov saum npoo ntawm Nickel 201 yog rhiab heev rau kev sib kis. Cov hlau uas tau muab tso rau hauv lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tuaj yeem tsim qhov chaw galvanic corrosion yog tias tsis tshem tawm tag nrho thaum lub sijhawm pickling.
Common pickling le caag:Rau Nickel 201 phaj, pickling feem ntau muaj cov kua qaub sib tov uas muaj nitric acid (HNO₃) thiab hydrofluoric acid (HF), feem ntau ntawm qhov kub siab. Cov kua qaub tshwj xeeb thiab lub sijhawm nyob hauv yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo ua kom zoo raws li qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas thiab qhov xav tau ntawm qhov chaw tiav. Tom qab pickling, ntxuav kom huv si yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm tag nrho cov acid residues, uas yuav txwv tsis pub txhawb kev txhim kho hauv zos hauv kev pabcuam.
4. Q: Yuav ua li cas lub nto ntawm pickled Nickel Alloy UNS N02201 phaj cuam tshuam nws corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv xav tau tshuaj ib puag ncig xws li caustic soda thiab halogen kev pab?
A:Kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm Nickel Alloy UNS N02201 phaj tsis yog tsuas yog ua haujlwm ntawm nws cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg xwb- nws kuj tseem nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej. Qhov chaw khaws cia kom zoo muab qhov chaw pib zoo rau kev tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv uas ua rau cov hlau ua tau zoo hauv nws cov ntawv thov feem ntau, suav nrog kev tsim cov dej qab zib caustic thiab cov kev pabcuam halogen.
Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm qhov chaw mob:Thaum Nickel 201 raug rau ib puag ncig corrosive, nws tsim ib tug nyias, adherent tiv thaiv oxide zaj duab xis uas ua raws li ib tug barrier ntawm lub hauv paus hlau thiab corrosive nruab nrab. Cov zaj duab xis passive no ua tau yooj yim thiab sib npaug ntawm qhov huv, nplai -dawb qhov chaw. Ib tug zoo pickled nto muab:
Uniform Chemistry:Kev tshem tawm cov cua sov- cuam tshuam oxide nplai kom ntseeg tau tias qhov chaw raug rau ib puag ncig yog qhov tseeb alloy muaj pes tsawg leeg, nrog rau kev kwv yees corrosion.
Kev ywj pheej los ntawm cov kab mob:Pickling tshem tawm cov hlau me me, cov nplais kos, thiab lwm yam kab mob uas tuaj yeem tsim cov galvanic hauv zos lossis qhov chaw pib rau pitting corrosion.
Optimal nto roughness:Txawm hais tias qhov chaw ntxhib ntau dhau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov xov xwm corrosive thiab txhawb kev tawm tsam hauv cheeb tsam, cov khoom siv tau zoo ua tiav qhov kev tswj roughness uas sib npaug passive zaj duab xis stability nrog cov tswv yim tsim khoom.
Daim ntawv thov qhov chaw saum npoo yog qhov tseem ceeb:Nickel 201 phaj yog dav siv nyob rau hauv caustic soda (NaOH) manufacturing khoom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv diaphragm electrolysis txheej txheem, thiab tuav qhuav chlorine thiab lwm yam halogens. Hauv cov cheeb tsam no:
Kev pabcuam Caustic:Txhua qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov chaw lossis cov khoom tsis sib haum xeeb tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv nickel oxide uas tsim nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig alkaline, uas ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam hauv zos lossis caustic embrittlement hauv thaj chaw raug.
Kev pabcuam Halogen:Hauv cov tshuaj chlorine qhuav, fluorine, thiab lwm yam roj halogen, kev huv huv yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias cov dej noo los yog kev sib kis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov, ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov. Pickled nto, yog dawb los ntawm cov nplai thiab hlau sib kis, muab qhov chaw pib huv tshaj plaws rau cov kev pabcuam tseem ceeb no.
Tshaj tawm -kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv:Txhawm rau khaws cov txiaj ntsig ntawm pickling, Nickel 201 phaj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo ua tib zoo tom qab kho qhov chaw. Kev kis kab mob los ntawm cov cuab yeej carbon steel, cov khoom khib nyiab, lossis cov khoom siv kos npe tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion ua tiav los ntawm pickling. Rau kev siv cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj tseem ceeb, cov tuam txhab lag luam feem ntau qhia meej tias cov phaj pickled raug tiv thaiv nrog cov txheej txheem ib ntus lossis khaws cia rau hauv cov dej huv, qhuav kom txog thaum tsim khoom.
5. Q: Dab tsi yog cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb thiab kev ua tau zoo rau pickled Nickel Alloy UNS N02201 phaj hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg, roj teeb, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob?
A:Pickled Nickel Alloy UNS N02201 phaj ua haujlwm tseem ceeb thoob plaws ntau qhov kev lag luam, nrog rau txhua qhov kev tsim cov kev cai tshwj xeeb uas ua rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qis -carbon chemistry thiab huv si, pickled nto tseem ceeb.
Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam:Kev lag luam chlor-alkali yog ib qho ntawm cov ntawv thov loj tshaj plaws rau Nickel 201 phaj. Nyob rau hauv caustic soda manufacturing siv diaphragm electrolysis, Nickel 201 yog cov khoom nyiam rau evaporators, concentrators, thiab piping systems. Cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb tsis kam rau cov concentrated sodium hydroxide ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj - ua ke nrog nws cov kev tiv thaiv rau caustic embrittlement - ua rau nws hloov tsis tau. Cov txheej txheem deg deg yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv qhov kev pabcuam no vim tias:
Nws ua kom lub cev tsis sib haum xeeb ua yeeb yaj kiab
Nws tshem tawm cov nplai uas tuaj yeem flake tawm thiab paug cov khoom caustic
Nws muab qhov chaw huv si rau weld fabrication ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj
Fluorine thiab Halogen ua:Nyob rau hauv kev tsim thiab tuav ntawm anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (HF) thiab lwm yam fluorine tebchaw, Nickel 201 tus tsis kam mus rau qhuav halogen nres yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov khoom siv tshuaj xws li reactors, kub exchangers, thiab cia cov hlab ntsha yuav tsum tau pickled nto los xyuas kom meej:
Tsis muaj dej noo-tapping nplai uas tuaj yeem ua rau xeb
Ntxuav qhov chaw kom txhim khu kev qha weld pob qij txha
Uniform tiv thaiv halogen nres thoob plaws txhua qhov chaw ntub dej
Kev siv roj teeb thiab hluav taws xob cov khoom siv:Nickel 201 daim ntawv thiab sawb pom dav siv hauv cov khoom siv roj teeb, suav nrog cov xov hlau lead, cov roj teeb tab, cov khoom sib txuas rau cov khoom siv kho mob cog lus (kev tswj lub plawv dhia thiab cov khoom siv neurostimulation), thiab stamped lossis etched fabrications
. Rau cov ntawv thov no, pickled thiab annealed nto feem ntau teev vim:
Qhov chaw huv si ua kom muaj kev sib cuag hluav taws xob zoo ib yam thiab tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv
Cov txheej txheem saum npoo zoo txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm zoo sib xws los yog laser vuam ua haujlwm
Qhov tsis muaj qhov ntsuas thiab cov pa paug yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntseeg siab hauv kev siv tshuaj kho mob thiab hluav taws xob tseem ceeb
Cov ntawv thov ntxiv:Tshaj li cov thawj sectors, pickled Nickel 201 phaj yog siv nyob rau hauv:
Thaum tshav kub kub exchangers:Qhov chaw huv huv ntawm qhov chaw cuam tshuam rau kev hloov hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion
Cov khoom siv ua zaub mov:Qhov twg cov khoom siv inertness thiab cleanability yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov khoom purity
High -cov khoom siv ua haujlwm kub:Qhov twg cov ntsiab lus qis carbon ua kom tsis muaj zog rau graphitization thaum ua haujlwm
Cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm thoob plaws hauv kev siv:Tsis hais txog ntawm kev lag luam tshwj xeeb, pickled Nickel 201 phaj yuav tsum tsis tu ncua xa:
Certified tsawg carbon cov ntsiab lus (≤0.02%) kom ntseeg tau siab - kub stability
Txheeb xyuas cov khoom siv kho tshuab raws li ASTM B162
Lub cev tsis sib xws ntawm qhov chaw tsis muaj nplai, qhov tob, thiab cov kab mob embedded
Tag nrho traceability rau zeb ntawv pov thawj thiab cov khoom zoo (PMI) kuaj
