1. Hastelloy UNS N06030 yog dab tsi, thiab nws muaj pes tsawg leeg txawv ntawm lwm cov nickel -chromium- molybdenum alloys li cas?
Hastelloy UNS N06030 yog npib tsib xee-chromium- molybdenum alloy nrog ntxiv ntawm tooj liab, tungsten, thiab hlau, tsim los rau tshwj xeeb tsis kam rau cov kua qaub sib xyaw, cov txheej txheem ntub dej phosphoric acid, thiab lwm qhov chaw muaj corrosive hnyav. Nws yog feem ntau paub los ntawm lub npe lag luam Hastelloy G-30.
Chemical Composition (Tswj rau ASTM B619):
| Element | Qhov hnyav% |
|---|---|
| Nickel (Ni) | Sib npaug (43-46%) |
| Chromium (Cr) | 28.0-31.5% |
| Molybdenum (hli) | 4.0-6.0% |
| Hlau (Fe) | 13-17% |
| Copper (Cu) | 1.0-2.4% |
| Tungsten (W) | 1.5-4.0% |
| Cobalt (zeeg) | ≤ 5.0% |
| Cov pa roj carbon (C) | ≤ 0.03% |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 1.5% |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 1.0% |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.04% |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.02% |
| Niobium (Nb) | 0.3-1.5% |
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm Compositional:
High Chromium (28-31.5%): Muab kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb rau oxidizing acids (nitric, nitric / hydrofluoric sib tov).
Molybdenum (4-6%): Txhim khu kev tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov kua qaub (sulfuric, phosphoric).
Copper Ntxiv (1-2.4%): Txhim khu kev tiv thaiv rau sulfuric acid nyob rau hauv cov concentration ntau.
Tungsten (1.5-4%): Ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom muaj zog thiab txhim kho kev tiv thaiv hauv zos.
Cov pa roj carbon tsawg (≤0.03%): Txo cov nag lossis daus carbide thaum lub sijhawm vuam, ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm intergranular corrosion.
Sib piv rau Lwm cov Nickel Alloys:
| Alloy | UNS | Cr% | Mo% | Cu% | W % | Lub zog tseem ceeb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hastelloy G-30 | N06030 | 28-31.5 | 4-6 | 1-2.4 | 1.5-4 | Mixed acids, phosphoric acid |
| Hastelloy G-3 | N06985 | 21-23.5 | 6-8 | 1.5-2.5 | ≤1.5 | Sulfuric acid, flue gas scrubbers |
| Hastelloy C-276 | N10276 | 14.5-16.5 | 15-17 | - | 3-4.5 | Universal, oxidizing / txo |
| Hastelloy C-22 | N06022 | 20-22.5 | 12.5-14.5 | - | 2.5-3.5 | Oxidizing acids, pitting kuj |
| 625 | N06625 | 20-23 | 8-10 | - | - | Siab zog, dej hiav txwv |
| 825 | N08825 | 19.5-23.5 | 2.5-3.5 | 1.5-3 | - | Sulfuric acid, oilfield |
Vim li cas thiaj xaiv N06030?
Kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov txheej txheem ntub dej phosphoric acid (WPA) uas muaj fluorides, chlorides, thiab sulfuric acid.
Kev tiv thaiv zoo rau cov kua qaub sib xyaw (nitric + hydrofluoric, nitric + sulfuric).
Outperforms stainless hlau thiab ntau nickel alloys nyob rau hauv heev oxidizing chloride ib puag ncig.
2. Dab tsi yog cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb rau Hastelloy N06030 welded yeeb nkab hauv kev lag luam tshuaj thiab chiv?
Hastelloy N06030 welded yeeb nkab tau teev tseg rau qhov chaw nruj heev uas cov ntsiab lus chromium siab thiab sib npaug sib npaug muab qhov tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv rau cov kua qaub sib xyaw, chlorides, thiab fluorides. Nws cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb tshaj tawm ntau qhov kev lag luam tseem ceeb.
Fertilizer Industry (Phosphoric Acid Production):
Cov txheej txheem ntub dej Phosphoric Acid (WPA) Evaporators:
Function: Concentrate phosphoric acid los ntawm kev tshem dej hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev.
Ib puag ncig: Kub phosphoric acid (70-85%) nrog fluorides, chlorides, thiab sulfuric acid.
Vim li cas N06030: Siab chromium tiv taus oxidizing tej yam kev mob; tooj liab txhim kho sulfuric acid kuj; molybdenum muab kev tiv thaiv acid.
Digestion Reactors:
Muaj nuj nqi: React phosphate pob zeb nrog sulfuric acid los tsim phosphoric acid.
Ib puag ncig: hnyav: phosphoric / sulfuric acid sib tov nrog fluorides, chlorides, khib nyiab.
Vim li cas N06030: Withstands huab corrosivity; tiv taus erosion-corrosion los ntawm cov khoom khib nyiab.
Acid Concentration Plants:
Muaj nuj nqi: Ntxiv concentrate phosphoric acid rau superphosphoric acid.
Vim li cas N06030: Ua kom muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm qhov kub siab hauv cov kua qaub.
Piping Systems rau Phosphoric Acid Hloov:
Interconnecting piping ntawm cov txheej txheem units.
Welded yeeb nkab muaj nqi -zoo corrosion-cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Kev Siv Tshuaj Siv Tshuaj:
Nitric / Hydrofluoric Acid Pickling Kab:
Muaj nuj nqi: Stainless hlau pickling siv HNO₃ / HF sib tov.
Yog vim li cas N06030: Exceptional resistance rau no txhoj puab heev tov kua qaub.
Sulfuric Acid Plants:
Muaj nuj nqi: Piping hauv cov kua qaub txias, cov yees kom qhuav, nqus tshuab.
Vim li cas N06030: Resistant sulfuric acid thoob plaws ntau qhov concentration.
Mixed Acid Nitration Txheej txheem:
Kev Ua Haujlwm: Kev tsim cov tshuaj nitro siv HNO₃ / H₂SO₄ cov khoom sib tov.
Vim li cas N06030: Ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov hlau tsis huv hauv cov txheej txheem oxidizing heev.
Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Systems:
Muaj nuj nqi: Scrubber Cheebtsam tuav chlorides, fluorides, sulfuric acid.
Vim li cas N06030: Kev tiv thaiv zoo heev rau qhov kev ua phem rau ib puag ncig.
Lwm yam kev siv:
| Kev lag luam | Daim ntawv thov | Kev sib tw tseem ceeb |
|---|---|---|
| Nuclear Roj Processing | Cov kev daws teeb meem | HNO ₃/HF mix |
| Pharmaceutical Intermediates | Nitration cov tshuaj tiv thaiv | Cov kua qaub sib xyaw |
| Hlau Refining | Acid leaching | Ib puag ncig sulfuric / chloride |
| Kev kho khib nyiab | Acid neutralization | Kev sib txawv ntawm chemistry, chlorides |
| Petrochemical | Alkylation units | HF acid (kev siv txwv; tshwj xeeb alloys muaj) |
Piv txwv li: Phosphoric Acid Evaporator
Ib tsob nroj phosphoric acid siv 316L stainless hlau evaporator raj tau ntsib kev tsis ua haujlwm li ntawm 6-12 lub hlis vim yog corrosion hauv 75% phosphoric acid ntawm 180 ° F uas muaj 2% fluorides thiab 0.5% chlorides. Hloov nrog N06030 welded yeeb nkab txuas ntxiv kev pab cuam lub neej mus rau 5+ xyoo, ua pov thawj cov khoom siv ntau dua los ntawm kev txo qis thiab kev saib xyuas.
3. Cov txheej txheem vuam dab tsi thiab qhov ntsuas tau pom zoo rau Hastelloy N06030 welded yeeb nkab, thiab kev ceev faj dab tsi tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov thiab kub tawg?
Vuam Hastelloy N06030 yuav tsum tau ceev faj txog kev tswj tsis tau thiab cov txheej txheem kom muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab txhua yam kev ncaj ncees. Lub alloy qhov sib npaug ntawm chemistry ua rau nws ntau dua weldable dua li qee qhov siab -molybdenum alloys, tab sis kev ceev faj tseem ceeb heev.
Cov txheej txheem vuam:
Gas Tungsten Arc Vuam (GTAW/TIG):
Txaus siab rau cov yeeb nkab vuam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hauv paus hla.
Kev tswj zoo heev, me me spatter, siab -welds zoo.
Siv rau tag nrho cov yeeb nkab teem caij.
Gas Metal Arc Vuam (GMAW/MIG):
Haum rau sau thiab hau hla ntawm phab ntsa hnyav dua.
Pulsed txau hloov tau pom zoo.
Plasma Arc Vuam (PAW):
Siab- vuam ceev ntawm nyias- cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa.
Cov txheej txheem keyhole rau square- ntug pob tw.
Submerged Arc Welding (SAW):
Kev siv tsawg vim muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntawm flux chemistry.
Tshwj xeeb qis -corrosion fluxes yuav tsum tau.
Filler Hlau Xaiv:
| Txheej txheem | Filler Hlau | AWS Specification |
|---|---|---|
| GMAW/GTAW | ERNiCrMo-11 | AWS A5.14 |
| SMAW | ENiCrMo-11 | AWS A5.11 |
| SAW | Kev sib txuam hlau + tshwj xeeb flux | Raws li cov neeg tsim khoom pom zoo |
Welding Parameters (Tswj rau GTAW):
| Parameter | Root Pass | Sau / Cap Passes |
|---|---|---|
| Tam sim no | DCEN (DC-) | DCEN (DC-) |
| Amperage | 80-120 A | 100-150 A |
| Qhov hluav taws xob | 10-14 V | 12-16 V |
| Kev Ceev Ceev | 3-6 pwm | 4-8 pwm |
| Tiv thaiv Gas | Argon (100%) | Argon (100%) |
| Gas Flow | 15-25 dr hab | 20-35 hli |
| Rov qab Purge | Argon xav tau | Yuav tsum tau rau hauv paus oxidation tiv thaiv |
Tseem ceeb Vuam ceev faj:
Kev huv huv:
Ua tib zoo ntxuav cov yeeb nkab kawg thiab muab tub lim.
Tshem tawm cov roj, roj, cim tus cwj mem, thiab oxides.
Siv cov hlau tsis muaj hlau txhuam hniav tshwj xeeb rau N06030.
Thaum tshav kub kub input Control:
Tswj cov cua kub nruab nrab (15-25 kJ / hauv ib txwm).
Tsis txhob kub dhau heev uas yuav txhawb kom kub tawg.
Siv stringer hlaws dai; txwv weaving.
Interpass Kub:
Khaws hauv qab 300 ° F (150 ° C).
Cia txias ntawm kev hla dhau.
Qhov kub ntawm qhov sib cuam tshuam ntau dhau ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo kub tawg.
Shielding thiab Back Purging:
Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kom txaus yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Rov qab ntxuav nrog argon los tiv thaiv cov hauv paus oxidation ("qab zib").
Oxidized cov hauv paus hniav tau txo cov corrosion kuj.
Kub Cracking Tiv Thaiv:
N06030 muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo tab sis tseem raug.
Tsis txhob crater cracking los ntawm filling craters los yog siv tam sim no lwj.
Xyuas kom raug muab tub lim xaiv hlau.
Txo qhov kev txwv tsawg kawg yog qhov ua tau.
Ncej -Wel Cleaning:
Tshem tawm cov cua sov tint thiab oxide txheej.
Hlau txhuam (stainless steel) los yog grind.
Pickle yog tias xav tau rau kev pabcuam tseem ceeb.
Tshaj tawm -Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT):
Feem ntau tsis xav tau rau N06030.
Cov pa roj carbon tsawg (≤0.03%) txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nkag siab.
Yog tias PWHT tau teev tseg (kev ntxhov siab, kev ntxhov siab), ntau yam: 1800-2000 ° F tom qab txias txias.
Tag nrho cov tshuaj annealing tsis tshua muaj tswv yim rau cov yeeb nkab loj.
Weld Procedure Qualification:
ASME Section IX or AWS D1.6:
Tensile xeem
Kev cob qhia khoov kev sim
Kev kuaj corrosion (ASTM G28) feem ntau tau teev tseg
Kev ntsuam xyuas microstructural
Common Weld Defects thiab Tiv Thaiv:
| Tsis zoo | Ua rau | Kev tiv thaiv |
|---|---|---|
| Kub tawg | Siab nruj, impurity segregation | Ua kom zoo, txo qis kev txwv |
| Porosity | Kev sib kis, kev tiv thaiv tsis txaus | Ntxuav lub hauv paus hlau, kom cov roj ntws zoo |
| Tsis muaj fusion | Cov txheej txheem tsis raug, tsis muaj cua sov | Raws li tsis muaj, txheej txheem |
| Oxidation (hauv paus) | Kev tshem tawm tsis txaus rov qab | Ntxuav nrog argon |
| Kev txhawb zog ntau dhau | Tsis haum-up, siab hlau pub | Kev npaj ua ke kom raug |
4. Yuav ua li cas corrosion kuj ntawm Hastelloy N06030 welded yeeb nkab piv nyob rau hauv txawv acid ib puag ncig, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog phosphoric, sulfuric, thiab nitric acids?
Hastelloy N06030's balanced composition muab tshwj xeeb versatility nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm corrosive ib puag ncig, nrog tshwj xeeb muaj zog nyob rau hauv sib xyaw acids thiab aggressive industrial chemicals.
Phosphoric Acid (H₃PO₄):
Cov txheej txheem ntub dej Phosphoric Acid (WPA):
Ib puag ncig: 40-85% H₃PO₄ nrog impurities: fluorides (F⁻), chlorides (Cl⁻), sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), silica.
Kev ua tau zoo: Zoo heev; outperforms 316L, 904L, thiab txawm G-3 nyob rau hauv feem ntau WPA tej yam kev mob.
Corrosion Rate: Feem ntau<0.1 mm/year in properly controlled conditions.
Mechanism: High chromium muab oxidizing acid kuj; tooj liab txhim kho sulfuric acid kam rau ua; molybdenum tuav txo cov xwm txheej.
Pure Phosphoric Acid:
Kev ua tau zoo: Zoo heev ntawm tag nrho cov concentrations mus rau boiling.
Tus nqi:<0.05 mm/year typical.
Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄):
| Nco ntsoov | Kub | Kev ua tau zoo | Tus nqi (mm / xyoo) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0-20% | Ambient rau boiling | Zoo | <0.1 |
| 20-60% | Txog li 150 ° F | Zoo heev | <0.1 |
| 20-60% | 150-200 ° F | Zoo | 0.1-0.5 |
| 60-80% | Txog li 150 ° F | Ncaj ncees | 0.5-1.0 |
| 80-95% | Ib qho | pluag | >1.0 (tsis pom zoo) |
| 95-100% | Ambient | Zoo (passive) | <0.1 (oxidizing) |
Lus Cim: Cov tooj liab ntxiv txhim kho kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv nruab nrab concentrations (40-60%) qhov twg ntau alloys tawm tsam.
Nitric Acid (HNO ₃):
| Nco ntsoov | Kub | Kev ua tau zoo | Tus nqi (mm / xyoo) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tag nrho cov concentration | Mus rau boil | Zoo heev | <0.1 |
| Mechanism: High chromium (28-31.5%) tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab ruaj khov hauv oxidizing nitric acid. |
Nitric/Hydrofluoric Acid Mixtures (HNO₃/HF):
Daim ntawv thov: Stainless hlau pickling, nuclear roj reprocessing.
Kev ua tau zoo: Ib qho ntawm cov alloys zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov sib xyaw ua kua qaub.
Kev sib tw: HF tawm tsam zaj duab xis passive; siab chromium thiab molybdenum muab kev tiv thaiv.
Tus nqi: Feem ntau<0.25 mm/year in controlled conditions.
Hydrochloric Acid (HCl):
| Nco ntsoov | Kub | Kev ua tau zoo |
|---|---|---|
| Tag nrho cov concentration | Ambient | Ncaj ncees rau Zoo |
| Dilute | Ua kom siab | Limited (C-276 zoo dua) |
| Ntsig | Ua kom siab | Tsis pom zoo |
Lwm yam Environments:
| Ib puag ncig | Kev ua tau zoo | Cov lus pom |
|---|---|---|
| Hydrofluoric Acid (HF) | Ncaj ncees | Tshwj xeeb alloys zoo dua |
| Acetic acid | Zoo heev | Tag nrho cov concentration |
| Formic Acid | Zoo heev | Tag nrho cov concentration |
| Flue Gas Scrubbers | Zoo heev | Resistant chlorides, fluorides |
| Dej hiav txwv | Zoo heev | Resistant pitting, crevice corrosion |
Cov nyhuv ntawm Vuam rau Corrosion Resistance:
Cov pa roj carbon tsawg (≤0.03%) txo qis rhiab heev hauv HAZ.
Cov txheej txheem welding kom zoo tswj kev tiv thaiv corrosion.
Thaum tshav kub kub tint tshem tawm qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm zoo.
ASTM G28 (Txoj Kev A) corrosion test feem ntau siv rau kev tsim nyog.
Kev txiav txim siab tsim:
| Qhov xwm txheej | Kev pom zoo |
|---|---|
| Ceev ceev | Txwv rau ≤ 3 m / s rau cov kua nrog cov khoom khib nyiab |
| Crevices | Zam; siv pob tw welds es tsis txhob siv lub qhov (socket welds). |
| Galvanic Cov khub niam txiv | Zam cov hlau tsis sib xws hauv cov hluav taws xob electrolytes |
| Kub | Tshawb xyuas nyob rau hauv cov khoom txwv |
| Cov impurities | Xav txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm fluorides, chlorides, oxidizers |
5. Cov kev tswj xyuas zoo thiab kev soj ntsuam zoo li cas rau Hastelloy N06030 welded yeeb nkab rau kev siv tshuaj lom neeg tseem ceeb?
Hastelloy N06030 welded yeeb nkab rau kev pabcuam tshuaj tseem ceeb yuav tsum muaj kev tswj xyuas zoo thiab tshuaj xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv ruaj khov, tiv thaiv corrosion, thiab ua haujlwm ntev -. Cov kev cai no mus dhau cov qauv kev lag luam yeeb nkab specifications.
Tswj Specifications:
| Txuj | Title | Daim ntawv thov |
|---|---|---|
| ASTM B619 Cov khoom lag luam | Welded Nickel Alloy Yeeb Nkab | General specification |
| ASTM B775 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb | General Requirements rau Nickel Alloy Yeeb Nkab | Cov kev xav tau ntxiv |
| ASME B31.3 | Txheej Txheem Piping Code | Tsim thiab fabrication |
| ASME Section VIII | Pressure Vessel Code | Cov kav dej |
| Cov neeg siv khoom -Tshwj xeeb | Ntau yam | Feem ntau nruj dua |
Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj:
Mill Test Report (MTR):
Certified tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ib lub tshav kub.
Kev txheeb xyuas cov cuab yeej cuab tam (tensile, yield, elongation).
Kev kho cua sov daim ntawv pov thawj.
Traceability los ntawm yaj mus rau cov yeeb nkab tiav.
Thaum tshav kub kub Traceability:
Txhua lub yeeb nkab cim nrog tus lej xov tooj cua sov.
Daim ntawv qhia cov kav dej rau cov cua sov tshwj xeeb khaws cia.
Positive Material Identification (PMI):
Feem ntau xav tau rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb.
Txheeb xyuas qib ntawm txhua lub yeeb nkab ua ntej tso tawm.
Feem ntau 100% ntawm cov kav dej rau kev pabcuam hnyav.
Chemical Composition Verification (ASTM B619):
| Element | Kev xav tau (%) |
|---|---|
| Nickel | Tshuav |
| Chromium | 28.0-31.5 |
| Molybdenum | 4.0-6.0 |
| Hlau | 13-17 |
| Tooj | 1.0-2.4 |
| Tungsten | 1.5-4.0 |
| Cobalt | ≤5.0 |
| Cov pa roj carbon | ≤ 0.03 |
| Silicon | ≤1.0 |
| Manganese | ≤1.5 |
| Niobium | 0.3-1.5 |
Mechanical Property Verification (Yeem):
| Khoom | Chav ntsuas kub |
|---|---|
| Tensile zog | 80 ksi (550 MPa) min |
| Lub zog muaj zog (0.2%) | 35 ksi (240 MPa) min |
| Elongation | 30% min |
Tsis yog -Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Ua Phem (NDE):
Visual Examination (VT):
100% ntawm weld seam thiab yeeb nkab nto.
Tshawb xyuas qhov tsis xws luag, weld zoo, tiav.
Radiographic Testing (RT) rau ASTM E94:
Daim ntawv thov: Weld seam rau kev pabcuam tseem ceeb.
Cov yam ntxwv tsis xws luag: Tsis muaj fusion, porosity, tawg, inclusions.
Kev lees txais: Ib ASME B31.3 lossis cov neeg siv khoom tshwj xeeb.
Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT) rau ASTM E165:
Daim ntawv thov: Weld seam, weld xaus, xav tias thaj chaw.
Cov yam ntxwv tsis xws luag: nto tawg, porosity, tsis muaj fusion.
Kev Ntsuas Ultrasonic (UT) rau ASTM E213:
Daim ntawv thov: Weld seam, puag hlau (yog tias teev).
Lub Hom Phiaj Tsis Zoo: Laminations, inclusions, phab ntsa variations.
Eddy Current Testing (ET) rau ASTM E309:
Daim ntawv thov: Weld seam kuaj.
Lub Hom Phiaj Defects: Nto thiab ze - defects.
Kev Ntsuas Hydrostatic:
Yuav tsum tau: Txhua cov yeeb nkab hydrostatically kuaj ib ASTM B619.
Siab: xam ib tus qauv hauv specification.
Lub Sijhawm Tuav: Yam tsawg kawg 5 vib nas this (ntev rau kev pabcuam tseem ceeb).
Kev lees txais: Tsis muaj dej xau, tsis muaj deformation mus tas li.
Dimensional soj ntsuam:
| Dimension | Kev kam rau siab (rau ASTM B619) | Kev ntsuas ntsuas |
|---|---|---|
| OD | ± 0.5% txog ± 1% (vim qhov loj me) | Daim kab xev, calipers, micrometer |
| Phab ntsa Thickness | +20%, -12.5% (zoo) | Ultrasonic thickness ntsuas |
| Ntev | ± 1/8 "rau ± 1/4" | Daim kab xev ntsuas |
| Kev ncaj | 1/8 "hauv 3 ko taw (tseem) | Straightedge, feeler gauge |
| Weld Reinforcement | ≤ 1/32 "(ntev) | Profile ntsuas |
Corrosion Testing (rau Kev Pabcuam Tseem Ceeb):
ASTM G28 Txoj Kev A:
Lub hom phiaj: Tshawb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam rau intergranular corrosion.
Ib puag ncig: Boiling ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid.
Txais: Feem ntau ≤0.5 hli / xyoo (cov neeg siv khoom- tshwj xeeb).
ASTM G28 Txoj Kev B:
Lub hom phiaj: Ntsuam xyuas kev tiv thaiv corrosion.
Ib puag ncig: Boiling sulfuric acid nrog ferric sulfate.
Kev Cai Corrosion Test:
Simulated txheej txheem ib puag ncig.
Kev kuaj daim coupon hauv qhov tseeb lossis simulated txheej txheem.
Weld txheej txheem thiab kev ua tau zoo:
| Kev xav tau | Txuj |
|---|---|
| Weld txheej txheem Specification (WPS) | ASME Section IX |
| Cov Ntaub Ntawv Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem (PQR) | ASME Section IX |
| Welder Performance Qualification (WPQ) | ASME Section IX |
| Corrosion Testing ntawm Weldment | Feem ntau yuav tsum tau |
Kev kuaj tshwj xeeb rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb:
| Kuaj | Lub hom phiaj | Yam yuav tsum tau muaj |
|---|---|---|
| Kev txiav txim siab Ferrite | Txheeb xyuas qhov tsawg ferrite (tag nrho austenitic) | ≤0.5% Ferrite Number |
| Loj Loj | Txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem microstructure | Raws li ASTM 4-7 |
| Inclusion Rating | Kev ntsuas kev huv | Raws li ASTM E45 |
| Kev Tshawb Fawb Hardness | Txheeb xyuas qhov sib xws | Raws li specification |
| Flattening Test | Txheeb xyuas qhov ductility | Raws li ASTM B619 |
| Flare/Flange Test | Txheeb xyuas qhov formability | Raws li ASTM B619 |
Cov ntaub ntawv pob:
| Cov ntaub ntawv | Cov ntsiab lus |
|---|---|
| Mill Test Report (MTR) | Chemistry, mechanicals, kho cua sov |
| NDE Reports | RT, UT, PT qhia nrog cov txiaj ntsig |
| Hydrostatic Test Report | Siab, tuav lub sij hawm, txais |
| Dimensional Inspection Report | Ntsuas qhov ntev |
| PMI Report | Kev txheeb xyuas qib |
| Weld Procedure Qualifications | WPS, PQR, WPQ |
| Corrosion Test Reports | ASTM G28 cov txiaj ntsig (yog tias xav tau) |
| Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj Ua Raws Cai | Nqe lus piav qhia txog kev ua raws cai |
| Cov ntaub ntawv Traceability | Thaum tshav kub kub rau cov yeeb nkab |
Cov Lus Cog Tseg rau ASTM B619:
ASTM B619 Cov khoom lag luam
Qib (UNS N06030)
Loj (NPS × lub sijhawm)
Kub naj npawb
Tus neeg tsim khoom lub npe lossis lub cim lag luam
Lub teb chaws ntawm keeb kwm
Ntim thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv:
End caps ntawm tag nrho cov kav dej.
Bundling nrog kev tiv thaiv wrapping.
xeb- txheej tiv thaiv yog tias xav tau.
Kev sib cais los ntawm carbon steel thaum khaws cia / xa khoom.
Kev lees paub rau Kev Pabcuam Tseem Ceeb:
Tsis muaj kab nrib pleb, laps, seams nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus hlau los yog weld.
Radiographic zoo: Tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo.
Dimensional ua raws li ASTM B619.
Hydrostatic xeem dhau lawm.
PMI tau txheeb xyuas.
Corrosion xeem dhau (yog tias xav tau).
Cov ntaub ntawv tag nrho muab.
