1. Tshem tawm kev ua haujlwm nyuaj thiab rov ua kom cov yas rov qab
Lub hom phiaj ncaj qha thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm annealing ntshiab tooj liab yog txhawm rau tshem tawm kev ua haujlwm nyuaj los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias xws li stamping, dabtsi yog khoov, kos duab, thiab dov. Thaum lub sij hawm txias deformation, cov nplej sab hauv ntawm tooj liab yog elongated, distorted, thiab tawg, thiab ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm dislocations yog generated nyob rau hauv cov khoom. Cov qauv kev hloov pauv no nce hardness thiab lub zog thaum txo qis ductility thiab toughness -ib qho tshwm sim hu ua kev ua haujlwm hardening.
Yog tsis muaj annealing, hardened tooj liab zoo li yuav tawg los yog tawg thaum ntxiv khoov, sib sib zog nqus nqus, los yog tsim. Los ntawm annealing, cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv raug tso tawm, cov nplej tsis sib haum yog rov kho dua tshiab, thiab tshem tawm cov dislocations. Yog li ntawd, cov tooj liab regains zoo heev plasticity, ua rau nws mos thiab yooj yim rau txheej txheem dua. Rau cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau ua ntau yam txheej txheem, intermediate annealing yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua.
2. Txo cov kev ntxhov siab seem thiab tiv thaiv deformation lossis tawg
Kev ua haujlwm txias thiab tsis sib xws yuav ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau ntxiv hauv cov khoom siv tooj liab dawb. Yog tias qhov kev ntxhov siab tseem tshuav, cov khoom yuav maj mam deform, warp, los yog txawm tawg thaum lub sij hawm cia, tsheb thauj mus los, los yog siv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau nyias nyias, cov hlab ntev, thiab precision qhov chaw.
Annealing muab lub zog txaus rau cov atoms hauv cov tooj liab kom txav mus los thiab rov kho dua, uas ua rau kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab. Cov qauv ruaj khov sab hauv txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev xa tawm - deformation thiab tawg, txhim kho qhov ruaj khov thiab kev ntseeg tau zoo. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom siv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob, qhov twg txawm tias me me deformation tuaj yeem ua rau kev sib dhos tsis ua haujlwm lossis teeb meem ua haujlwm.
3. Txhim kho hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity
Cov tooj liab ntshiab yog qhov muaj nuj nqis tshaj plaws rau nws cov ultra{0}}siab hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua haujlwm txias, lattice defects, impurities, thiab residual stress tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev txav ntawm electrons thiab kub khiav, txo cov conductivity. Txawm hais tias cov tooj liab ntshiab twb muaj cov conductivity siab, txias deformation tseem yuav txo nws cov kev ua tau zoo rau qee yam.
Tsim nyog annealing tuaj yeem ntxuav cov qauv sab hauv, txo cov lattice defects thiab dislocation ntom, thiab ua rau cov qauv nplej ntau li niaj zaus thiab ua tiav. Raws li cov qauv zoo li no, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov cua sov tuaj yeem hloov tau yooj yim dua, yog li hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity tau rov qab los thiab ua kom zoo dua. Rau hluav taws xob xov hlau, busbars, connectors, thiab cua sov dissipation Cheebtsam, annealing xyuas kom meej tias tooj liab tag nrho exerts nws lub cev zoo.
4. Txhim kho cov qauv qoob loo thiab txhim kho qhov sib xws
Thaum rov ua haujlwm txias, cov qauv nplej ntawm cov tooj liab ntshiab tuaj yeem ua tsis sib xws, nrog rau qee qhov chaw deformed heev thaum lwm tus tseem nyob tsis zoo. Qhov inhomogeneity no ua rau kev ua haujlwm tsis ruaj khov, xws li qhov tsis sib xws hardness, lub zos tawg thaum lub sij hawm tsim, thiab tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw.
Thaum lub sij hawm annealing txheej txheem, recrystallization tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntshiab tooj liab: tshiab uniform, equiaxed, thiab defects - dawb nplej yog tsim los hloov cov qub deformed qauv. Grain refinement tsis tsuas yog txhim kho plasticity tab sis kuj txhim kho qhov sib xws ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab lub cev. Cov khoom ua los ntawm annealed tooj liab muaj qhov zoo sib xws, zoo dua nto tiav tom qab stamping los yog dabtsi yog khoov, thiab siab dua tus nqi tsim nyog hauv ntau lawm.
5. Txhim kho Machinability thiab nto zoo
Hardened tooj liab yog ib qho nyuaj rau tshuab, nquag ua rau cov cuab yeej hnav, tearing, thiab ntxhib nto. Annealed tooj liab yog softer, ntau ductile, thiab txiav los yog cov ntaub ntawv ntau smoother. Nws tuaj yeem zam qhov khawb ntawm qhov chaw, burrs, thiab micro- tawg thaum ua, txhim kho cov tsos zoo thiab kev sib dhos ntawm cov khoom.
Rau qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tau plating los yog pleev xim, annealed tooj liab nrog ib tug uniform thiab ntom qauv muab lub hauv paus zoo dua rau txheej adhesion thiab nto smoothness.
Xaus
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, annealing kev kho mob rau cov ntshiab tooj liab ua hauj lwm pab ntau indispensable lub hom phiaj: tshem tawm kev ua hauj lwm hardening thiab restore plasticity, tshem tawm cov residual kev nyuaj siab los tiv thaiv deformation thiab cracking, optimizing hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity, refining thiab homogenizing grain qauv, thiab kev txhim kho machinability thiab nto zoo. Yog tias tsis muaj kev sib tsoo kom zoo, cov khoom siv tooj liab tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev ua haujlwm raug, kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab kev pabcuam lub neej.
