1. Q: ASTM B514 Incoloy 800H pickled yeeb nkab yog dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas pickling muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov hlau?
A:ASTM B514 yog tus qauv specification rau welded npib tsib xee-hlau-chromium alloy yeeb nkab, thiab thaum siv rau Incoloy 800H (UNS N08810) nrog ib tug pickled tiav, nws muab ib tug siab - khoom zoo haum rau ntau petrochemical thiab industrial daim ntaub ntawv. Nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem pickling thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog.
ASTM B514 Txheej txheem cej luam rau Incoloy 800H:Qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb no suav nrog cov yeeb nkab ntev welded tsim los ntawm cov hlua khi los yog daim ntawv ntawm Incoloy 800H. Cov yeeb nkab yog tsim rau hauv cov duab cylindrical, fusion welded raws cov seam ntev (feem ntau yog siv cov pa roj tungsten arc vuam), ces tag nrho cov tshuaj annealed ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 2100 ° F (1149 ° C) tom qab txias txias. Qhov siab -kub tshuaj anneal no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau 800H, vim nws tsim cov qauv zoo nplej (ASTM Tsis yog. 5 lossis finer) uas muab cov alloy nws superior creep-rupture zog. Tom qab annealing, cov yeeb nkab undergoes pickling.
pickling yog dab tsi?Pickling yog cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg uas tshem tawm cov cua sov, oxide nplai (mill scale), thiab ib qho chromium -depleted txheej uas ua rau saum npoo ntawm cov yeeb nkab thaum tov annealing lossis vuam. Cov tshuaj pickling feem ntau yog sib xyaw ntawm cov kua qaub- feem ntau yog nitric acid (HNO₃) thiab hydrofluoric acid (HF) nyob rau hauv ua tib zoo tswj proportions (piv txwv li, 10–15% HNO₃ + 1–3% HF los ntawm ntim). Cov yeeb nkab yog muab tso rau hauv lub dab da dej ntawm qhov kub ntawm 120-160 ° F (49-71 ° C) rau lub sijhawm teev tseg (feem ntau 10-30 feeb), ces yaug nrog dej huv kom tshem tawm tag nrho cov kua qaub seem.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm pickling rau Incoloy 800H:
| Cov txiaj ntsig | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Kev tshem tawm nplai | Tshem tawm qhov tenacious chromium oxide nplai tsim thaum lub sij hawm siab -kub annealing |
| Restores corrosion kuj | Tshem tawm cov chromium -depleted txheej hauv qab nplai, rov ua kom tag nrho oxidation thiab corrosion kuj |
| Ntxuav, uniform nto | Muab ib qho matte, silvery -dawb tiav uas pom pom tau |
| Txhim kho weldability | Qhov chaw huv si txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob thaum lub sij hawm tom ntej welding |
| Txhim kho kev tshuaj xyuas | Pickled nto tso cai rau kev tshawb pom zoo dua ntawm qhov tsis xws luag (kav, qhov pits, laminations) los ntawm kev kuaj pom lossis zas xim penetrant |
| Tshem tawm cov kab mob embedded | Tshem tawm cov khoom hlau los yog lwm yam khoom txawv teb chaws uas tuaj yeem pib qhov chaw corrosion |
Dab tsi pickling tsis ua:Pickling tsis hloov cov khoom siv kho tshuab (lub zog tensile, yield zog, hardness) ntawm cov yeeb nkab. Nws tsis kho subsurface defects lossis kho cua sov tsis raug. Nws tsuas yog kho qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, pickling tsis tshem tawm qhov hnyav lossis qhov sib txuas sib txuas - cov no yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm mechanically (sib tsoo) ua ntej pickling.
Pickling vs. mechanical cleaning (sib tsoo, blasting):Kev tu txhua yam tuaj yeem tso cov kev ntxhov siab seem thiab cov khoom siv abrasive uas yuav dhau los ua qhov chaw pib corrosion. Pickling yog tshuaj lom neeg sib xws thiab tsis qhia txog kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov chaw. Txawm li cas los xij, pickling tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov hnyav hnyav lossis nruj crevices. Rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo, ntau qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb yuav tsum muaj kev tu txhua yam kom tshem tawm cov nplai hnyav ua raws li kev khaws cia kom ua tiav qhov sib xws, tsis zoo.
Kev txwv rau Incoloy 800H:Thaum Incoloy 800H muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo heev rau nitric-hydrofluoric acid pickling kua (vim nws cov ntsiab lus chromium thiab npib tsib xee), dhau -pickling (lub sij hawm dhau los lossis kub) tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm cov ciam teb lossis cov khoom ntxhib. Reputable mills tswj pickling tsis precisely kom tsis txhob no.
2. Q: Cov txheej txheem kev lag luam dab tsi tswj kev xaiv ntawm ASTM B514 Incoloy 800H yeeb nkab?
A:Lub pickling ntawm Incoloy 800H yeeb nkab yog tswj hwm los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ASTM cov lus qhia, kev coj ua hauv kev lag luam, thiab cov neeg yuav khoom- cov cai tau hais tseg. Tsis zoo li qee cov khoom siv, pickling tsis yog ib qho dhau / tsis ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li lub zog tensile; Hloov chaw, nws yog txhais los ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav thiab cov kev lees paub zoo.
Kev qhia tshwj xeeb - ASTM B514:ASTM B514 tsis tso cai rau pickling; nws teev pickling raws li kev xaiv tiav. Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb hais tias cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qhov kev kho kom zoo thiab descaled, thiab descaling tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm pickling, mechanical descaling, lossis lwm txoj kev. Rau feem ntau petrochemical thiab siab - daim ntawv thov kub, pickling yog nyiam thiab feem ntau teev los ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom.
Ntxiv specifications thiab qauv:
ASTM A380 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb-Txoj kev xyaum ua kom huv, descaling, thiab passivation ntawm stainless hlau qhov chaw, khoom siv, thiab tshuab. Qhov no yog cov qauv siv feem ntau siv rau pickling nickel alloys thiab stainless hlau. Nws muab kev taw qhia txog cov kua qaub, qhov kub thiab txias, lub sij hawm immersion, thiab kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb.
ASTM B912 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb- Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb rau kev ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm cov hlau tsis huv siv electropolishing (qee zaum siv los ua lwm txoj hauv kev xaiv rau kev ua kom huv si tseem ceeb)
ASTM E527 Cov khoom lag luam- Kev coj ua qauv rau kev suav cov hlau thiab cov alloys (UNS system) - hais txog kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom siv
Kev lag luam kev coj ua rau pickled tiav:
SSPC-SP 8- Pickling tus qauv los ntawm Lub Koom Haum rau Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Txheej Txheem, txhais peb theem ntawm pickling: "kev lag luam," "tag nrho," thiab "nruj ntxiv"
NACE No. 8- Zoo ib yam li SSPC-SP 8, txhais cov qauv kev tshem tawm cov nplai zeb
Cov neeg yuav khoom- cov cai tau hais tseg:Feem ntau cov khoom specifications rau pickled yeeb nkab muaj xws li lus xws li:
"Cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv kev daws teeb meem -annealed thiab pickled mob rau ASTM A380."
"Qhov chaw sab hauv thiab sab nraud yuav tsum tsis muaj qhov ntsuas, weld spatter, thiab pom muaj kab mob."
"Lub deg deg yuav pom ib qho xim matte nyiaj -zoo li dawb."
"Residual acid yuav tsum neutralized thiab cov yeeb nkab kom huv si yaug nrog dej huv."
Kev lees paub zoo rau cov yeeb nkab pickled:Tsis muaj cov qauv kev lees paub tus lej muaj nyob rau "pickled tiav" hauv ASTM specifications. Hloov chaw, kev lees txais feem ntau yog nyob ntawm:
Kev kuaj pom pom:Uniform xim, tsis muaj nplai, weld spatter, thiab pom pitting
Kev ntsuas dej tawg:Ib qho chaw huv, tsis muaj zog yuav tso cai rau dej los tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab txuas ntxiv (tsis muaj beading)
Ferroxyl test (ASTM A380, yeem):Tshawb xyuas cov hlau dawb ntawm qhov chaw siv cov tshuaj potassium ferricyanide; xim xiav qhia tias muaj hlau tsis huv
Surface roughness ntsuas (yeem):Pickled nto feem ntau muaj Ra qhov tseem ceeb ntawm 20-40 microinches (0.5-1.0 micrometers)
Daim ntawv tseem ceeb - hydrogen embrittlement risk:Pickling (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog hydrofluoric acid) tuaj yeem qhia hydrogen rau saum npoo ntawm cov hlau. Rau Incoloy 800H, uas tsis yog feem ntau raug rau hydrogen embrittlement ntawm nruab nrab kub, qhov no feem ntau tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov ntawv thov uas muaj qhov siab - kev pabcuam hydrogen siab ntawm qhov kub siab, qee qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb yuav tsum muaj kev kho mob ci (xws li 6-8 teev ntawm 375-400 ° F / 190-204 ° C) tom qab pickling los tsav tawm hydrogen absorbed.
3. Q: Vim li cas pickling tseem ceeb heev rau Incoloy 800H yeeb nkab nyob rau hauv siab -petrochemical kev pab?
A:Incoloy 800H yeeb nkab tso siab rau qhov tsim ntawm kev tiv thaiv chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃) nplai rau nws zoo heev - kub oxidation thiab carburization kuj. Cov txheej txheem pickling ncaj qha cuam tshuam qhov kev tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm ntawm peb txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb.
Ua ntej, tshem tawm qhov tsis yog -kev tiv thaiv zeb nplai tsim thaum lub sij hawm muab tshuaj annealing.Thaum lub sij hawm lub siab -kub tshuaj annealing kauj ruam (tsawg kawg 2100 ° F / 1149 ° C), Incoloy 800H tsim ib tug tuab, ntau- txheej oxide nplai. Cov txheej txheej sab nrauv yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov hlau oxides (Fe₂O₃, Fe₃O₄), uas yog ntxeem tau thiab tsis yog - tiv thaiv. Hauv qab no yog chromium- txheej txheej depleted. Yog tias sab laug ntawm cov yeeb nkab, qhov zeb nplai no tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv oxidation txaus thiab tuaj yeem ua kom nrawm nrawm los ntawm spalling thiab nthuav tawm cov hlau tshiab. Pickling tshem tawm tag nrho cov nplai zeb no, tawm hauv qhov huv si, chromium{11}} nplua nuj nto uas yuav tsim ib qho kev tiv thaiv Cr₂O₃ nplai thaum cov yeeb nkab muab tso rau hauv siab - kev pabcuam kub.
Thib ob, kho cov chromium- nplua nuj txheej txheej.Thaum lub sij hawm siab -kub annealing, chromium diffuses los ntawm lub hauv paus hlau los tsim oxide nplai, tawm hauv nyias (feem ntau 1-5 micron) txheej ntawm lub hauv paus hlau depleted nyob rau hauv chromium. Qhov no chromium-depleted txheej tau txo oxidation kuj. Pickling tshem tawm cov txheej txheem depleted no, nthuav tawm cov hlau tshiab nrog cov ntsiab lus chromium (19-23%). Thaum cov yeeb nkab yog tom qab cua sov hauv kev pabcuam, qhov chaw tshiab no ua rau nyias nyias, ua raws, thiab tiv thaiv Cr₂O₃ nplai.
Thib peb, tshem tawm cov kab mob saum npoo av uas yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim cov nplai.Embedded hlau hais los ntawm dov los yog tuav, txiav roj, cim inks, thiab lwm yam kab mob tuaj yeem ua raws li qhov chaw nucleation rau tsis yog - tiv thaiv oxide tsim. Thaum lub sij hawm ua haujlwm siab - kub, cov kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau hauv zos nrawm oxidation, pitting, lossis spalling. Pickling tshem tawm los yog dissolves cov kab mob no, muab qhov chaw huv si rau kev tiv thaiv txheej txheej.
Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj - qhov tseem ceeb ntawm pickling rau kev kho cov raj:Hauv chav methane hloov pauv kev pabcuam (1600–1700°F / 871–927°C, carburizing cua), cov hlab hloov kho uas tau teeb tsa yam tsis muaj pickling (raws li -annealed nrog zeb nplai tsis zoo) tau ntsib carburization ceev thiab txo cov kev pab cuam lub neej. Lub zeb nplai spalled thaum lub sij hawm thermal cycling, nthuav tawm cov hlau tshiab uas sai sai carburized. Cov raj uas tau khaws cia ua ntej kev teeb tsa tsim ib qho kev sib txuam, kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab ua tiav kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm 8-12 xyoo.
Pickling vs. mechanical cleaning rau siab -kev pab kub:Kev tu neeg kho tshuab (sib tsoo, hlau txhuam, grit blasting) tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov nplais tab sis feem ntau tawm ntawm cov khoom abrasive thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm- tawv tawv. Cov embedded particles no tuaj yeem ua qhov chaw pib rau kev tawm tsam hauv zos. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tu txhua yam yuav tsis tshem tawm tag nrho cov chromium- txheej txheej depleted. Pickling yog tshuaj lom neeg tsis sib xws thiab tsis qhia txog kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov chaw lossis cov kab mob sib kis. Rau qhov tseem ceeb siab - qhov kub thiab txias kev pab cuam, pickling yog xav tau tshaj kev tu txhua yam ib leeg.
Qhov "passivation" txawv rau siab -kub alloys:Rau cov hlau tsis huv hauv kev pabcuam aqueous, pickling feem ntau ua raws li passivation (kev kho nrog nitric acid nkaus xwb) txhawm rau txhim kho cov chromium oxide txheej. Rau Incoloy 800H nyob rau hauv siab - qhov kub thiab txias kev pab cuam, cov txheej txheem tov kua qaub (HNO₃ + HF) pickling yog feem ntau txaus, raws li kev tiv thaiv Cr₂O₃ nplai yuav tsim ib txwm thaum pib cua sov- nce. Separate passivation tsis tas yuav tsum tau tab sis tej zaum yuav raug teev rau cov ntawv thov uas cov yeeb nkab yuav raug rau qhov chaw aqueous ua ntej thawj qhov kub siab - kev pabcuam.
4. Q: Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txiav vuam rau ASTM B514 Incoloy 800H pickled yeeb nkab?
A:Vuam pickled Incoloy 800H yeeb nkab yuav tsum muaj qee qhov kev hloov pauv piv rau vuam raws li -annealed lossis mechanically ntxuav yeeb nkab. Pickled nto yog huv si thiab passive, uas feem ntau txhim kho weldability, tab sis muaj cov kev xav tseem ceeb.
Qhov zoo ntawm welding pickled yeeb nkab:
Ntshiab huv:Qhov chaw deg yog dawb los ntawm cov roj, oxides, thiab cov kab mob sib kis uas tuaj yeem ua rau porosity lossis kub tawg.
Raws li qhov chaw chemistry:Cov chromium- nplua nuj passive nto txhawb nqa cov yam ntxwv ruaj khov
Txo lub sij hawm ntxuav:Tsawg dua ua ntej-vuam tu yog xav tau piv rau li -annealed yeeb nkab nrog zeb nplai
Ua ntej- vuam vuam – tseem yuav tsum tau:Txawm hais tias qhov deg deg, ua ntej - vuam yog tseem tsim nyog. Weld aav yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav nrog acetone los yog ib tug tshwj xeeb stainless hlau txhuam kom tshem tawm cov roj seem, ntiv tes, los yog cov khoom paug. Tsis txhob siv cov kuab tshuaj chlorinated (xws li, trichloroethylene) vim cov chlorides seem tuaj yeem ua rau kub tawg. Rau Incoloy 800H, uas yuav pom qhov siab - kev pabcuam kub, kev huv huv yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb.
Filler hlau xaiv (tib yam li cov uas tsis yog-pickled yeeb nkab):
ERNiCr-3(AWS A5.14) - Standard muab tub lim, muab qhov zoo siab - kub lub zog thiab sib piv thermal expansion
ERNiCrCoMo-1(Inconel 617) - Rau qhov xav tau tshaj plaws kev pabcuam creep saum 1500 ° F (816 ° C)
Tsis txhob sivstainless hlau fillers (308L, 309L, 310H) - lawv tsim dilution zones nrog qis creep zog thiab txawv expansion yam ntxwv
Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias (tseem ceeb rau 800H):Incoloy 800H muab nws txoj kev tawm tsam los ntawm cov qauv nplej zoo (ASTM No. 5 lossis finer) ua tiav los ntawm qhov siab -kub tshuaj anneal. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau dhau thaum vuam coarsens cov qauv nplej nyob rau hauv tshav kub- cuam tshuam cheeb tsam, txo qis zog.
Qhov siab tshaj qhov sib cuam tshuam: 200 ° F (93 ° C)
Cov tswv yim cua sov txwv rau 25-45 kJ / nti (10-18 kJ / cm)
Siv stringer hlaws dai es tsis yog weaving
Rau nyias- cov phab ntsa, siv cov pa roj tungsten arc vuam (GTAW) nrog cov cua kub tsawg
Tshaj tawm -weld nto kev kho mob - rov qab ua tiav cov khoom tiav:Tom qab vuam, lub tshav kub- thaj tsam cuam tshuam tsim lub tshav kub (oxidation) uas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov yeeb nkab yuav raug cuam tshuam rau cov kev pabcuam corrosive ua ntej lossis thaum pib cua sov- nce. Cov kev xaiv muaj xws li:
Local pickling:Siv cov tshuaj txhuam hniav los yog gel (muaj HNO₃ + HF) rau thaj tsam weld, tom qab ntawd yaug kom huv si
Mechanical Cleaning:Siv cov hlau stainless hlau txhuam los yog lub log nrov plig plawg (mob rau cov nickel alloys nkaus xwb), ua raws li passivation
Tag nrho re-pickling:Rau cov rooj sib txoos uas yuav daws tau tom qab vuam (tsis tshua muaj rau kev sib dhos), tag nrho cov rooj sib txoos tuaj yeem khaws cia.
Kev ceev faj rau pickling tom qab vuam:
Tshem cov weld spatter thiab hnyav nplai mechanically ua ntej pickling
Xyuas kom meej tshem tawm tag nrho cov khoom seem los ntawm kev yaug kom huv si (dej yaug, ua raws li qhov nruab nrab yog tias tau teev tseg)
Rau kev sib dhos nrog crevices lossis threaded kev sib txuas, tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov kua qaub
Rau kev khaws cov rooj sib txoos loj, siv cov neeg ua haujlwm cob qhia thiab ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb (HF acid yog qhov txaus ntshai heev)
Kev soj ntsuam xyuas:Pickled nto tso cai rau pom zoo rau:
Kev kuaj pom (VT):Qhov chaw huv si nthuav tawm cov weld discontinuities, undercut, thiab nto tawg
Dye penetrant testing (PT):Pickled nto muab qhov sib piv zoo rau kev nkag siab zoo
Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob (RT):Tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov chaw
5. Q: Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txiav txim siab thiab cov pitfalls rau ASTM B514 Incoloy 800H pickled yeeb nkab?
A:Kev yuav cov khoom qab zib Incoloy 800H yeeb nkab hauv qab ASTM B514 yuav tsum tau saib xyuas rau ntau yam tshwj xeeb tshaj li cov txheej txheem kev yuav khoom. Kev nkag siab txog cov kev txiav txim siab no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom xa tuaj raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev pabcuam.
Qhia meej qhov xav tau ntawm pickling hauv kev yuav khoom:ASTM B514 sau npe pickling raws li kev xaiv tiav. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias cov yeeb nkab tau muab nkag, daim ntawv xaj yuav tsum tau hais meej meej:
"Cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv cov tshuaj -annealed thiab pickled mob."
"Pickling yuav tsum tau ua raws li ASTM A380."
"Lub deg deg yuav tsum tsis muaj nplai, weld spatter, thiab pom muaj kab mob."
Qhia rau sab hauv thiab sab nraud pickling:Cov ntawv thov feem ntau xav tau ob qho tib si sab hauv thiab sab nraud kom tau txais cov khoom noj. Daim ntawv xaj yuav tsum tau hais tias "sab hauv thiab sab nraud qhov chaw khaws cia." Qee lub mills tuaj yeem ua rau sab nraud - tsuas yog pickling yog tias tsis tau teev tseg.
Qhia qhov℃ntawm pickling:Rau feem ntau cov ntawv thov petrochemical, "kev lag luam" pickling (tshem tawm ntawm nplai tab sis tso cai rau qee qhov kev hloov pauv me me) yog qhov txaus. Rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb (piv txwv li, kev pabcuam huv, tshuaj, lossis nuclear), qhia "tag nrho" lossis "ntxiv tag nrho" pickling ib SSPC-SP 8.
Paub meej tias pickling yog ua tom qab kev daws annealing thiab zaum kawg sizing:Cov txheej txheem kom raug yog: daim ntawv → weld → tov anneal → loj / txias ua hauj lwm → kua anneal (yog xav tau) → pickle. Pickling ua ntej qhov kawg kev daws teeb meem anneal tsis zoo, raws li cov txheej txheem annealing yuav rov- daim ntawv teev. Qhov kev txiav txim yuav tsum xav kom pickling yog qhov kawg ntawm kev kho mob.
Qhia meej residual acid neutralization thiab yaug:Residual pickling acid tuaj yeem ua rau corrosion yog tias sab laug ntawm cov yeeb nkab. Qhia:
"Tom qab pickling, cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau muab yaug nrog dej huv kom tshem tawm tag nrho cov acid residues."
"Neutralization (xws li, nrog dilute alkaline tov) yuav siv tau tom qab yaug dej zaum kawg."
"Cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau qhuav tam sim ntawd tom qab yaug kom tsis txhob muaj dej staining."
Qhia meej txog kev xeem thiab kev lees paub rau qhov chaw pickled:ASTM B514 tsis txhais cov qauv kev lees paub rau cov khoom qab zib. Daim ntawv xaj yuav tsum qhia meej:
Kev kuaj pom pom:"Pickled nto yuav tsum muaj ib tug zoo matte silver-zoo li dawb. Tsis pom scale, weld spatter, los yog pitting yuav tsum tau tso cai."
Kev ntsuas dej tawg (yeem):"Lub deg deg yuav tsum tsis muaj roj thiab dhau qhov uas cov dej ua ib zaj duab xis tas mus li."
Kev kuaj Ferroxyl (yeem, rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb):"Kev kuaj Ferroxyl rau ASTM A380 yuav tsum tsis muaj xim xiav."
Common pitfalls:
Pitfall 1:Piv txwv tias "pickled" txhais tau tias "passivated" thiab muab siab tshaj aqueous corrosion kuj.Kho kom raug:Pickling tshem tawm cov nplai thiab chromium- txheej txheej depleted. Rau siab tshaj plaws aqueous corrosion kuj (xws li, chloride kev pab), ntxiv passivation (kho nrog nitric acid nkaus xwb) yuav tsum tau.
Pitfall 2:Qhia txog cov yeeb nkab pickled tab sis tsis qhia txog sab hauv pickling, tau txais cov yeeb nkab pickled tsuas yog sab nrauv.Kho kom raug:Qhia meej meej hais tias "sab hauv thiab sab nraud qhov chaw pickled."
Pitfall 3:Ua tsis tiav hais tias pickling yog qhov kawg ua haujlwm, tau txais cov yeeb nkab uas tau khaws cia tom qab cua sov kho (re-scaled).Kho kom raug:Qhia meej tias "pickling yuav tsum yog qhov kawg ntawm kev kho mob tom qab txhua qhov kev kho cua sov thiab kev ua haujlwm loj."
Pitfall 4:Specification ASTM B514 (welded yeeb nkab) rau 800H rau siab -kub creep kev pab cuam saum 1100 ° F (593 ° C).Kho kom raug:Rau kev pabcuam creep, siv seamless ASTM B407 yeeb nkab rau 800H. ASTM B514 yog welded yeeb nkab thiab feem ntau tsis pom zoo rau kev pabcuam creep txawm tias pickling.
Qhov siab 5:Tsis qhia meej txog cov tshuaj chlorine lossis cov tshuaj fluoride residual txwv tom qab pickling, tau txais cov yeeb nkab nrog cov kua qaub nyob rau hauv crevices.Kho kom raug:Rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb, qhia meej tias "cov tshuaj chlorides thiab cov fluorides yuav tsum tsawg dua 2 µg / cm² raws li ntsuas los ntawm kev ntsuas dej yaug."
Pom zoo kom yuav khoom specification rau ASTM B514 Incoloy 800H pickled yeeb nkab:
| Kev xav tau | Specification |
|---|---|
| Txuj | ASTM B514 |
| Alloy | Incoloy 800H (UNS N08810) |
| Qhov xwm txheej | Cov tshuaj annealed ntawm 2100 ° F (1149 ° C) yam tsawg kawg nkaus, dej quenched |
| Nto tiav | Pickled sab hauv thiab sab nraud rau ASTM A380 |
| Pickling degree | Kev lag luam (los yog tag nrho, raws li xav tau) |
| Kev ua haujlwm kawg | Pickling tom qab tag nrho cov kev kho cua sov thiab sizing |
| Yaug | Yaug dej huv, qhuav tam sim ntawd |
| Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag | Uniform matte silver-dawb, tsis muaj nplai lossis pitting |
| Daim ntawv pov thawj | MTR nrog chemistry, cov khoom, cov ntsiab lus kho cua sov, thiab cov lus qhia pickling |
Kev txiav txim siab ntawm tus nqi thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm:Pickling ntxiv kwv yees li 10-15% rau tus nqi ntawm lub hauv paus yeeb nkab thiab ncua sij hawm txhuas los ntawm 1-3 lub lis piam. Rau cov ntawv thov uas pickling tsis tseem ceeb (xws li, cov yeeb nkab uas yuav raug tua- blasted los yog mechanically ntxuav ua ntej installation), tus nqi ntxiv yuav tsis raug cai. Txawm li cas los xij, rau siab -petrochemical kev pabcuam qhov kub ntawm qhov kev tiv thaiv kev tsim tawm yog qhov tseem ceeb, pickling yog qhov tsim nyog peev uas txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pabcuam.
