Mechanical Properties: Gr1 thiab Gr2 Ntshiab Titanium

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm Qib 1 thiab Qib 2 Kev lag luam ntshiab Titanium?

Qib 1 (Gr1) thiab Qib 2 (Gr2) yog ob qho ntawm cov khoom siv dav siv hauv kev lag luam ntshiab titanium (CP-Ti) qib, txhais los ntawm ASTM B265 tus qauv. Thaum ob qho tib si qhia cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm titanium (tsis tshua muaj ntom ntom, zoo heev biocompatibility, thiab corrosion kuj), lawv cov khoom siv kho tshuab sib txawv heev vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus (feem ntau oxygen thiab hlau), uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau lub zog, ductility, toughness, thiab formability. Hauv qab no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws sib piv ntawm lawv cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab cov txiaj ntsig siv tau:

1. Core Chemical Composition Drivers of Property Differences

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Gr1 thiab Gr2 nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev txwv tsis pub nkag mus, raws li tau teev tseg los ntawm ASTM B265:

Qib 1: Yam tsawg kawg nkaus titanium purity ntawm 99.5%, nrog nruj txwv nyob rau hauv interstitial ntsiab: oxygen (tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.18%), hlau (Less tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 0.20%), carbon (Less tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 0.08%), nitrogen (Less tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 0.03%), thiab hydrogen (Less tshaj 0.03%). Nws ultra- cov ntsiab lus qis qis yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau nws qhov tshwj xeeb ductility.

Qib 2: Yam tsawg kawg nkaus titanium purity ntawm 99.2%, nrog me ntsis siab interstitial cov ntsiab lus: oxygen (0.18-0.25%), hlau (Less tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 0.30%), carbon (Less tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 0.08%), nitrogen (Less tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 0.03%), thiab hydrogen (Less tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 0.05%). Kev nce siab me ntsis hauv cov pa oxygen thiab hlau txhim kho nws lub zog thaum khaws cov ductility zoo.

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2. Kev sib piv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam

(1) Tensile Strength thiab Yield Strength

Tensile thiab yield zog yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov sib txawv ntawm Gr1 thiab Gr2, raws li cov ntsiab lus interstitial (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov pa oxygen) ua raws li cov khoom ruaj khov- cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv titanium:

Qib 1

Tensile zog (chaw kub)Ua haujlwm siab: 240-310 MPa (35-45 ksi)

Yield zog (0.2% offset, chav tsev kub): Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 170 MPa (25 ksi)

Nws lub zog tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim los ntawm qhov sib txawv me me, ua rau nws tsis muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm txhua qib CP-Ti.Qib 2

Tensile zog (chaw kub)Ua haujlwm siab: 275-370 MPa (40-54 ksi)

Yield zog (0.2% offset, chav tsev kub)Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 210 MPa (30 ksi)

Cov ntsiab lus oxygen siab dua ua rau nws lub zog tawm los ntawm kwv yees li 23.5% thiab lub zog tensile los ntawm 14.6-19.4% piv rau Gr1, muab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov kho lub zog thaum tsis txhob muaj ntau dhau embrittlement.

(2) Ductility thiab Formability

Ductility ( ntsuas los ntawm elongation thiab txo ntawm cheeb tsam) yog inversely cuam tshuam nrog interstitial cov ntsiab lus, yog li Gr1 outperforms Gr2 nyob rau hauv no hais txog:

Qib 1

Elongation (hauv 50 hli ntsuas qhov ntev): Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 24% (txog 30% rau cov khoom siv annealed)

Kev txo qis ntawm cheeb tsam: Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 30%

Nws qhov tshwj xeeb ductility ua rau txoj kev txias txias- ua haujlwm (piv txwv li, kos duab sib sib zog nqus, khoov nrog lub voj voog nruj, thiab spinning) yam tsis muaj kev tawg lossis ua haujlwm hnyav heev. Nws kuj tseem yog weldable heev, nrog cov pob qij txha welded khaws feem ntau ntawm lub hauv paus hlau ductility.

Qib 2

Elongation (hauv 50 hli ntsuas qhov ntev): Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 20% (lub xeev annealed)

Kev txo qis ntawm cheeb tsam: Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 25%

Thaum tseem ductile txaus rau feem ntau cov txheej txheem tsim (xws li, yob dabtsi yog khoov, xovxwm sib sau), Gr2 muaj qis elongation thiab txo ntawm cheeb tsam tshaj Gr1. Nws yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj zog me ntsis thiab tej zaum yuav xav tau nruab nrab annealing cov kauj ruam rau cov duab tsis tshua muaj zog los daws kev ua haujlwm nyuaj. Nws cov weldability tseem zoo heev, txawm tias cov pob qij txha welded muaj qhov qis qis dua li Gr1 weldments.

(3) Hardness

Hardness correlates nrog lub zog thiab interstitial cov ntsiab lus, ua rau kom muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm ob qib:

Qib 1: Brinell hardness (HB) ntawm 60–80; Rockwell B hardness (HRB) ntawm 60-70

Qib 2: Brinell hardness (HB) ntawm 70–90; Rockwell B hardness (HRB) ntawm 70-80Qhov 10-15 HB nce hauv Gr2 qhia txog nws cov ntsiab lus interstitial siab dua thiab lub zog, ua rau nws tiv taus ntau dua rau kev puas tsuaj ntau dua li Gr1 tab sis tsawg dua malleable.

(4) Kev qaug zog thiab cuam tshuam toughness

qaug zog

Qib 1: Endurance txwv (10⁷ cycles, chav tsev kub) ntawm ~ 110–130 MPa (16–19 ksi)

Qib 2: Endurance txwv ntawm ~ 130–150 MPa (19–22 ksi)Lub zog muaj zog ntau dua ntawm Gr2 txhim kho nws txoj kev qaug zog, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (xws li marine fasteners, kub exchanger raj nyob rau hauv cyclic siab).

Impact toughness

Qib 1 muaj ntau dua Charpy V-notch (CVN) toughness (Ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 30 J ntawm chav tsev kub) vim nws cov ntsiab lus qis interstitial, uas txo cov embrittlement.

Qib 2 muaj qis dua CVN toughness (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 25 J ntawm chav tsev kub) tab sis tseem tuav tau zoo toughness rau feem ntau cov qauv thiab cov txheej txheem kev siv, tsis muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj -50 degree.

3. Kev siv tswv yim cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom sib txawv

Qib 1 Daim Ntawv Thov: Zoo tagnrho rau scenarios prioritizing ductility thiab formability tshaj lub zog, xws li:

Nyias-cov kav dej phwj thiab cov tso tsheb hlau luam rau kev tuav cov xov xwm me me (dilute acids, dej tshiab)

Biomedical Cheebtsam uas yuav tsum tau muaj siab conformability (piv txwv li, hloov pauv kev phais implants, kho hniav abutments)

Txias- tsim cov khoom siv dav hlau (piv txwv li, lub teeb yuag nrog cov geometry nyuaj)

Qib 2 Daim Ntawv Thov: Zoo siab rau daim ntawv thov ntsuas lub zog, ductility, thiab corrosion kuj, suav nrog:

Marine thiab offshore structures (seawater heat exchangers, nkoj hull cladding, desalination khoom)

Cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj (reactors, li qub, twj tso kua mis rau oxidizing acids thiab chloride-muaj cov kwj deg)

Kev lag luam kub exchangers thiab siab hlab ntsha ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nruab nrab mechanical loads

4. Cov ntsiab lus

Cov cuab yeej cuab tam sib txawv ntawm Gr1 thiab Gr2 yog tsav los ntawm cov ntsiab lus interstitial (oxygen thiab hlau). Qib 1 ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv ductility thiab formability, ua rau nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv rau complex txias-forming thiab tsawg-load corrosion- daim ntaub ntawv resistant. Qib 2 muaj lub zog zoo dua, qaug zog ua haujlwm, thiab tawv tawv thaum khaws cov ductility txaus, tso nws ua ntau yam CP-Ti qib rau kev lag luam dav dav, dej hiav txwv, thiab kev siv tshuaj lom neeg uas yuav tsum muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion.