1. Dab tsi yog qhov txhais cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm Hastelloy C (feem ntau xa mus rau C-276) Square Bar, thiab lawv ua li cas rau nws qhov kev ua tau zoo?
Hastelloy C Square Bar, feem ntau yog C-276 qib (UNS N10276), yog npib tsib xee-chromium- molybdenum alloy nrog tungsten ntxiv, tsim rau tshwj xeeb corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hnyav. Nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog: Nickel (Ni) ~ 57% (puag), Chromium (Cr) ~ 14.5-16.5%, Molybdenum (Mo) ~ 15-17%, Tungsten (W) ~ 3-4.5%, nrog me me ntawm Hlau (Fe) thiab tswj cov pa roj carbon (C) thiab Silicon (Si). Cov ntsiab lus siab nickel muab qhov ua tsis taus rau chloride-vim kev ntxhov siab corrosion tawg thiab tsim cov matrix. Chromium confers tsis kam rau oxidizing media xws li kub nitric acid, chlorides, thiab hypochlorites. Molybdenum thiab tungsten yog cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke uas ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau kev txo cov kua qaub, xws li sulfuric thiab hydrochloric, thiab rau hauv zos pitting thiab crevice nres. Cov hlau tseem txhob txwm tshaj tawm qis hauv Carbon thiab Silicon, txo qis kev tsim ntawm cov ciam teb carbides thiab cov txheej txheem tshem tawm thaum lub sij hawm vuam lossis kev kho cua sov, yog li tswj kev tiv thaiv corrosion nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li-welded. Qhov sib npaug ntawm chemistry no ua rau daim ntawv square bar zoo tagnrho rau kev tsim cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li cov twj tso kua mis, lub valve sab hauv, thiab cov agitators hauv kev ua tshuaj lom neeg, kev tswj kev ua qias tuaj, thiab kev tsim vaj tsev marine.
2. Vim li cas qhov thermal stability thiab kev kho cua sov ntawm Hastelloy C-276 Square Bar yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov ntawv thov kub, thiab cov kev txwv yog dab tsi?
Hastelloy C-276 Square Bar nthuav tawm zoo thermal stability thiab khaws cia muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntau yam, feem ntau los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias txog li 1040℃(1900℃F) hauv kev txo cov cua. Txawm li cas los xij, nws qhov kev ua tau zoo tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov kub thiab txias heev nyob ntawm ib puag ncig. Lub alloy muab nws lub zog los ntawm cov khoom sib tov hardening. Nws yog feem ntau nkag rau hauv cov tshuaj -annealed mob (rhuab mus rau ib ncig ntawm 1120-1175℃thiab sai quenched), uas dissolves theem nrab thiab maximizes ductility thiab corrosion kuj. Qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb rau kev kub siab - qhov kev pabcuam kub yog lub sijhawm raug rau hauv qhov ntsuas kub tshwj xeeb. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm kwv yees li 650℃thiab 1090 degree, qhov ntev ntev tuaj yeem ua rau nag lossis daus ntawm cov theem sib txawv (xws li mu thiab P theem) thiab carbides ntawm cov ciam teb. Thaum cov no tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog me ntsis, lawv ua rau cov matrix uas nyob ib sab ntawm qhov tseem ceeb molybdenum thiab chromium, txo qis corrosion kuj thiab ductility - qhov tshwm sim hu ua "sensitization." Yog li ntawd, rau cov square bars siv nyob rau hauv fabricated Cheebtsam rau kub cheeb tsam (xws li, reactor internals, tshav kub exchanger qhov chaw), cov kev pab cuam tej yam kev mob yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo soj ntsuam kom tsis txhob muaj qhov kub thiab txias-lub sij hawm raug.
3. Dab tsi yog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev siv tshuab thiab kev tsim khoom thaum ua haujlwm nrog Hastelloy C-276 Square Bar, thiab cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws yog dab tsi?
Machining thiab fabricating Hastelloy C-276 Square Bar yog qhov nyuaj ntau dua li kev ua haujlwm nrog cov qauv stainless hlau vim nws lub zog siab, ua haujlwm - hardening rate, thiab abrasive xwm (los ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus molybdenum). Thaum lub sij hawm machining (tig, milling, drilling), cov hlau feem ntau ua haujlwm- tawv sai, ua rau cov cuab yeej siv ntau dhau, ua tiav qhov tsis zoo, thiab muaj peev xwm poob ntawm qhov raug yog tias tsis tswj kom raug. Cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws suav nrog: siv lub tshuab ua kom nruj thiab ntse, zoo rake- lub kaum sab xis cov cuab yeej ua los ntawm cov khoom zoo xws li carbide lossis ceramics; ua hauj lwm qis txiav ceev, siab pub tus nqi, thiab ntau dua qhov tob ntawm kev txiav kom ua hauj lwm hauv qab txheej hardened; thiab siv siab -siab, ntau npaum li cas ntawm coolant kom dissipate tshav kub thiab yaug chips. Rau fabrication, txias forming yog ua tau tab sis yuav tsum tau muaj zog dua, thiab intermediate annealing tej zaum yuav tsim nyog rau loj deformation. Vuam tau yooj yim ua tiav siv cov txheej txheem xws li GTAW (TIG) thiab GMAW (MIG) nrog cov khoom sib xws C-276 muab tub lim, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem kom muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion-xws li cov cua kub qis, kev ceev ceev, thiab tsis txhob muaj kab mob.
4. Nyob rau hauv cov ntawv thov kev lag luam tshwj xeeb thiab ib puag ncig corrosive yog kev siv Hastelloy C Square Bar qhov tseeb tshaj plaws, thiab qhov twg nws yuav dhau los- qhia?
Hastelloy C-276 Square Bar yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv qhov kev lag luam hnyav tshaj plaws uas qis dua - cov nqi alloys ua tsis tiav. Nws thawj daim ntawv thov yog nyob rau hauv Chemical Process Industry (CPI) cov cuab yeej tuav kub, paug ntxhia acids (xws li, sulfuric, hydrochloric), chlorine thiab chloride-muaj cov xov xwm, hypochlorite, thiab formic/acetic acids. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) systems tuav kub, ntub sulfurous gases thiab chlorides, thiab nyob rau hauv pulp & ntawv bleach nroj tsuag. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev siv tshuaj, kev siv pov tseg, thiab kev siv dej hiav txwv uas raug dej hiav txwv lossis dej tsis huv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem dhau qhov tshwj xeeb. Rau cov kev mob oxidizing tsawg dua (piv txwv li, dilute nitric acid, ntau cov organic acids), cov qauv stainless hlau zoo li 316L lossis npib tsib xee alloys xws li Alloy 20 tuaj yeem txaus. Rau oxidizing los yog ntshiab sulfuric acid daim ntaub ntawv, alloys nrog ntau dua chromium (xws li Hastelloy C-22) los yog txawv systems (xws li zirconium) tej zaum yuav zoo dua los yog kev lag luam. Tus nqi pib siab ntawm C-276 square bar tsuas yog tsim nyog thaum tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom pheej yig dua yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj, muaj kev nyab xeeb, lossis cov khoom sib kis.
5. Lub zog thiab lub cev ntawm Hastelloy C-276 Square Bar cuam tshuam li cas rau nws cov kev xaiv rau cov khoom sib piv piv rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv xws li phaj lossis yeeb nkab?
Daim ntawv square bar muab cov txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb tau los ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj zog. Hastelloy C-276 muaj qhov kub thiab txias tensile zog ntawm ib ncig ntawm 790 MPa (115 ksi) tawm los thiab 1000 MPa (145 ksi) qhov kawg, nrog zoo elongation (~ 40%). Lub zog siab no -rau- qhov hnyav piv, ua ke nrog kev tiv thaiv corrosion tshwj xeeb, ua rau cov square tuav zoo tagnrho rau kev thauj khoom -cov kabmob uas yuav tsum tau muaj nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib cog ua ke - ntu. Tsis zoo li phaj (rau cov hlab ntsha) lossis cov yeeb nkab (rau kev thauj mus los), square bars feem ntau yog xaiv rau kev tsim khoom ruaj khov, tig, lossis cov khoom siv axial nyob ruaj ruaj: twj tso kua mis, valve stems, agitator shafts, fasteners, thiab cov khoom tseem ceeb. Lub square geometry muaj cov chaw tiaj tus rau kev ruaj ntseg clamping, tsav tsheb (xws li, hauv valve actuators), los yog txuas hauv fixtures. Nws cov khoom isotropic hauv daim ntawv bar ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv ntau-axial stresses. Thaum xaiv cov khoom lag luam, kev txiav txim siab suav nrog qhov sib xws ntawm microstructure los ntawm qhov nruab nrab mus rau ntug (tseem ceeb rau kev thauj khoom dynamic), nto tiav, thiab qhov ncaj-txhua qhov tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv hauv cov khoom sib dhos. Lub bar lub hom phiaj ncaj qha txhawb kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv ruaj khov, corrosion-proof mechanical ntsiab hauv nruab nrab rau kev ncaj ncees.
