1. Cov Lus Cog Tseg rau High -Conductivity Copper
High -conductivity tooj liab feem ntau yog hais txog tooj liab nrog cov hluav taws xob conductivity tsis tsawg tshaj 100% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard). Yuav kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, kev tswj hwm nruj ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Ua ntej, lub hauv paus tooj liab purity yuav tsum txaus siab. Rau tus qauv siab -conductivity tooj liab, qhov loj feem ntawm tooj liab yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 99.90%. Rau siab - cov ntawv thov hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob, qhov purity feem ntau siab dua 99.95% lossis txawm nce mus txog 99.99%. Ntau dua tooj liab purity txo electron tawg los ntawm impurities thiab lattice defects, yog li txhim kho conductivity.
Qhov thib ob, cov ntsiab lus ntawm teeb meem impurity ntsiab yuav tsum nruj me ntsis txwv. Cov impurities xws li phosphorus, hlau, sulfur, oxygen, lead, bismuth, antimony, arsenic, thiab nickel txo cov hluav taws xob conductivity.
Cov kev txwv ib txwm muaj rau siab -copper conductivity suav nrog:
Phosphorus Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.005%
Hlau Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.005%
Sulfur Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.005%
Oxygen Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.02% (rau oxygen-cov kabmob tooj liab) lossis qis dua rau oxygen- tooj liab dawb
Tag nrho tsis yog - tooj liab impurities Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.05%–0.10%
Oxygen-dawb tooj liab (OFC) ntxiv tswj cov pa oxygen qis dua 0.001% kom tsis txhob brittleness thiab conductivity poob thaum lub sij hawm siab -kub ua.
2. Cov ntsiab lus tooj liab siab dua puas zoo dua?
Hauv cov tooj liab ntshiab, cov ntsiab lus tooj liab ntau dua txhim kho hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity, tab sis nws tsis yog ib txwm zoo dua rau txhua daim ntawv thov.
Nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam ntau yam, nce tooj liab purity txo impurity scattering thiab ho txhim kho conductivity. Txawm li cas los xij, purity ntau dhau ua rau muaj teeb meem:
Tus nqi nce siab li ultra- kev ua kom huv siab yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem nyuaj xws li electrolytic refining thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev.
Mechanical zog txo qis vim cov tooj liab ntshiab yog mos heev thiab tsis tshua muaj hardness thiab hnav tsis kam.
Qee qhov xwm txheej, cov ntsiab lus muaj txiaj ntsig (xws li cov nyiaj me me los yog cadmium hauv kev tswj hwm ntau) tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog thiab softening tsis kam yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj loj.
Yog li ntawd, tooj liab purity yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li qhov xav tau tiag tiag. Piv txwv li, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau siv 99.90%–99.95% purity, thaum siab -frequency signals thiab ultra- cov khoom siv precision xav tau 99.99% lossis siab dua.
3. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm impurity Elements ntawm Conductivity
Yuav luag tag nrho cov impurity ntsiab nyob rau hauv cov khoom tov los yog nag lossis daus daim ntawv txo cov hluav taws xob conductivity ntawm ntshiab tooj liab.
Soluble impurities (phosphorus, hlau, npib tsib xee, arsenic, antimony, bismuth) distort lub tooj liab lattice thiab muaj zog tawg electrons, ua rau ib tug ntse poob nyob rau hauv conductivity. Txawm tias 0.01% phosphorus tuaj yeem ua rau pom kev tsis zoo.
Insoluble los yog tsis muaj zog soluble impurities ( txhuas, sulfur) tsim thib ob -theem particles ntawm grain ciam teb, nce electron scattering thiab kuj txo conductivity.
Cov pa oxygen ua rau Cu₂O cov khoom, uas cuam tshuam rau ob qho tib si conductivity thiab kev ua haujlwm. Oxygen- tooj liab dawb yog siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb kom tsis txhob muaj cov teebmeem no.
Feem ntau, qhov me me ntawm atomic radius sib txawv thiab solubility sib txawv ntawm impurity thiab tooj liab, qhov me dua qhov kev puas tsuaj rau conductivity; txwv tsis pub, qhov cuam tshuam loj dua. Rau siab - daim ntawv thov kev coj ua, txo qis cov ntsiab lus impurity yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los xyuas kom muaj kev ua tau zoo.
