Qhov sib txawv ntawm qib 1, qib 4 Titanium -} kev paub

1. Cov tswv yim txawv teb chaws: Cov ntsiab lus tsis raug

Qhov kev sib txawv ntawm qib 1 thiab qib 4 yog lawvOxygen Cov Ntsiab Lus{{0- Cov feem ntau cuam tshuam rau lub ntsiab lus cp titanium. Cov pa oxygen ua li "cov khoom - Cov ntsiab lus muaj zog atomic ntim ntom ntom hauv lub titanium lattice, tsa dag zog tab sis txo lub zog.

Txawv nkoj	Qeb 1 titanium (ASTM B265 Txuj Ci)	Qeb 4 Titanium (Astm B265 Txuj Ci)	Qhov Tseem Ceeb
Cov pa (O)	Ntau tshaj plaws 0.18 wt%	Ntau tshaj 0.40 wt%	Qeb 4 muaj2.2X cov ntsiab lus oxygenTshaj li qib 1-qhov no yog ib tus neeg tsav tsheb loj tshaj plaws ntawm lawv txoj kev ua tau zoo.
Nitrogen (n)	Ntau tshaj 0.03 wt%	Ntau tshaj 0.05 wt%	Me me sib txawv; ob qho tib si qis, nrog cov nyhuv tsis saib xyuas ntawm cov khoom tag nrho.
Carbon (c)	Ntau tshaj 0.08 wt%	Ntau tshaj 0.08 wt%	Kev txwv zoo ib yam; tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv.
Hydrogen (H)	Ntau tshaj 0.015 wt%	Ntau tshaj 0.015 wt%	Kev txwv zoo ib yam; Ob leeg nruj me ntsis tswj kom tsis txhob muaj hydrogen embrittlement.
Hlau (FE)	Qhov siab tshaj plaws 0.20 wt%	Ntau tshaj 0.50 wt%	Qeb 4 tso cai me ntsis ntau hlau, ib qho tsis muaj ntxiv dag zog uas ua kom zoo ua kom muaj oxygen cov nyhuv.

Other elements (e.g., titanium itself) make up the balance (>99%) Rau ob qib, yog li cov pa oxygen (thiab tsawg dua, hlau) txiav txim siab lawv cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb.

2. Cov Khoom Siv Cov Neeg Kho Mob: Lub Zog Vs. Ductility

Cov pa roj oxygen siab dua (thiab hlau) cov ntsiab lus nyob rau qib 4 ncaj qha txhais raudeb dua lub zog thiab hardness, tab sis ntau qis ductilityPiv rau qib 1. Qhov no yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv tshuab tsim khoom.

Cov Cuab Yeej Cuab Yeej (Anealed Mob)	Qib 1 titanium	Qeb 4 Titanium	Qhov tseem ceeb sib piv
Tensile lub zog (yam tsawg kawg nkaus)	240 MPa (35 ksi)	620 MPA (90 KSI)	Qeb 4 yog2.6x muaj zognyob rau hauv lub zog tensile.
Yield zog (yam tsawg kawg nkaus)	170 MPa (25 Ksi)	550 MPa (80 KSI)	Qeb 4 muaj3.2x ntau dua cov txiaj ntsig lub zog(Tsis kam mus rau deformation puas mus lawm).
Elongation (tsawg kawg, hauv 50 hli)	24%	10%	Qeb 1 yog2.4x Ntau du(ncab ntau ntxiv ua ntej tawg).
Hardness (Brinell, HB)	~80	~170	Qeb 4 yog2.1x nyuajtshaj qib kawm 1.
Ceev	4.51 g / cm³	4.51 g / cm³	Zoo ib yam -} ob qho tib si yog dens tsis txawv.

Nco tseg: "Annealed mob" yog qauv rau CP Titanium, raws li nws relieves sab hauv kev ntxhov siab thiab ruaj khov zog. Thaum ob tus menyuam yaus tuaj yeem txias txias- ua haujlwm ntxiv kom muaj zog ntxiv (ntawm tus nqi txheeb ze ntawm lawv tseem muaj zog (tsawg dua condile muaj zog dua / tsawg dua).

3. Muaj peev xwm thiab tshuabsab

Muaj peev xwm (muaj peev xwm khoov duav, los yog puab sib cuam tshuam rau cp titanium {}}}}}}} tsim ib qho txawv ntawm qib 1 thiab qib 4:

Qeb 1: Nws cov ultra - qhov qis thiab siab ductility ua nwsFeem Ntau Tsim CP Titanium QibCov. Nws tuaj yeem txias - ua haujlwm rau hauv cov kab mob hnyav (piv txwv li cov tshuab hluav taws xob sib tw, me me}} xoom kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg. Nws txawm khaws cov qauv zoo ntawm cryogenic kub. Machinability yogZoo heev rau titanium- nws cov mos muag txo cov twj tiab, tab sis titanium qhov xam tau muaj tsawg thermal tseem yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cua txias.

Qib 4: Nws lub zog siab thiab ductility qis ua nwsQhov tsawg kawg yog sau CP Titanium qibCov. Kev tsim txoj kev txias yuav tsum muaj zog thiab feem ntau ua ntej ua ntej- cua sov (rau ~ 200-400 degree) kom tsis txhob fracturing; nruj khoov lossis nyias ntu yog tsis tshua muaj. Nws yog feem ntau txwv rau cov duab yooj yim (piv txwv li, cov phiaj tuab, cov pob ncaj). Machinability yogpluag rau cp titanium- nws tawv tawv ua rau kev hnav khaub ncaws brittle, thiab ntau lub sijhawm ua kom muaj zog thiab tus nqi piv rau qib 1.

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4. Corrosion Kuj

Qeb 1 thiab qib 4 kev nthuav tawmzoo heev corrosion- bpmark} Tus lej ntawm CP Titanium {} Ua tsaug rau lawv cov tuab neeg kho cov titancium (tio₂) passive zaj duab xis. Lawv cov kev ua tau zoo corrosion yog ze li ntawm feem ntau cov chaw ib puag ncig, suav nrog:

Dej nag, dej hiav txwv, thiab cov roj cua (tsis muaj pitting lossis crevice corrosion nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li qub).

Nruab nrab / tsis muaj zog acidic / xws li kev daws teeb meem (piv txwv li, kev tsim khoom noj, chaw tsim khoom, kho kom huv).

Tshuaj ib puag ncig zoo li dilute sulfuric acid, nitric acid, thiab cov kuab tshuaj organic.

Qhov sib txawv me me hauv impurity cov ntsiab lus (oxygen / hlau) tsis muaj ntsiab lus corrosion. Ob qib yog qhov yooj yim raumuaj zog reducing acids(xws li, concentrefated hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid) thiabMolten Salts(Qhov twg lub passive zaj duab xis dissolves), tab sis lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv cov chaw txhoj puab heev yog sib piv.

Rau cov ntawv thov uas Ultra - Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb (xws li qib qis ion ionk

5. Cov ntawv thov raug

Lawv cov khoom siv divergent ua rau qib 1 thiab qib 4 haum rau kev siv tshwj xeeb:

Qib 1 daim ntawv thov (ua ntej muaj kev ua kom muaj tseeb, huv, thiab kev muag khoom)

Kev Lag Luam: Ultra - Thin-}} padic tso tsheb hlau luam, thiab gaskets (yuav tsum muaj cov qauv muaj txiaj ntsig thiab tsawg kawg nkaus ion leaching).

Cov Khoom Siv Kho Mob: Hloov chaw sib haum (piv txwv li, phais cov hlau, cov xov hlau) thiab crystogenic cia ntim khoom (khaws cov formats formatility ntawm tsawg kub).

Ib tug tub rog: Lub teeb yuag, tsis - cov roj kab, cov roj ntsha, cov khoom siv hydraulic) qhov twg muaj peev xwm ntau dua li lub zog.

Cov Neeg Siv Khoom: Cov khoom hniav zoo nkauj (piv txwv li, cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, saib cov hlua khi) thiab saj cov pob hluav taws xob (piv txwv li, yuav tsum tau tsim mus rau intricate tsim.

Qeb 4 daim ntawv thov (ua ntej lub zog thiab kav ntev)

Cov Khoom Siv Kho Mob: Load {- bearing, tsis - Cov pob txha hniav, pob txha, cov pob txha kho thiab biocompatibility yog tus yuam sij.

Muaj Cov Cuab Yeej Siv: Tuab {{{{- palled cov hlab ntsha, kev siv hluav taws xob cua sov), xav tau lub zog kom tiv thaiv cov neeg kho tshuab thauj khoom).

Ib tug tub rog: Hnyav {- Dosny Tsis yog- mountrosity ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau (yam uas tsis muaj tus nqi ntawm cov neeg siv lub titanium zoo li qib 5).

Marine engineering: Cov daim hlau tuab rau nkoj Hulls, Offshore platform Cheebtsam, thiab fasteners (tawm tsam dej hiav txwv corrosion thaum uas muaj cov khoom ntim dej).

6. Tus nqi

Qeb 1 yog feem ntaume ntsis kim duaTshaj qib 4-txawm hais tias qhov sib txawv me me (5-15%, nyob ntawm daim ntawv thiab ntau dua). Tus nqi siab dua ntawm qib 1 stems los ntawm:

Yuav Tsum Ncaj Ncees: Ua Qib 1 xav tau kev tswj dua qib impurity qib (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov pa oxygen), nce siab smelting nyuaj.

Nqi: Qib 1 feem ntau yog ua tiav rau hauv siab- tus nqi, cov ntaub ntawv ntau (cov raj me) uas yuav tsum muaj ntau dua kev tsim khoom.

Qeb Thib 4 tus nqi qis dua yog qhov yooj yim tswj hwm thiab tsis muaj peev xwm ua tiav (nws feem ntau yog cov khoom lag luam zoo li cov phiaj tuab). Ob qib kawm tau pheej yig dua tshaj li cov khoom siv titanium (piv txwv li qib 5 ti-6al-4V).

Qhov sib txawv ntawm qib 1, qib 4 titanium